Identification of TRPV1-Inhibitory Peptides from <i>Takifugu fasciatus</i> Skin Hydrolysate and Their Skin-Soothing Mechanisms

Identification of TRPV1-Inhibitory Peptides from <i>Takifugu fasciatus</i> Skin Hydrolysate and Their Skin-Soothing Mechanisms

Skin sensitivity is increasingly prevalent, necessitating new therapeutic agents. This study screened multifunctional peptides from <i>Takifugu fasciatus</i> skin for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities and investigated their mecha...

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Main Authors: Haiyan Tang, Bei Chen, Dong Zhang, Ruowen Wu, Kun Qiao, Kang Chen, Yongchang Su, Shuilin Cai, Min Xu, Shuji Liu, Zhiyu Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Marine Drugs
Subjects:
<i>Takifugu fasciatus</i>
TRPV1-inhibitory peptide
inflammatory response
bioactive peptide
NF-κB signaling
molecular docking network pharmacology
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/23/5/196
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Summary:Skin sensitivity is increasingly prevalent, necessitating new therapeutic agents. This study screened multifunctional peptides from <i>Takifugu fasciatus</i> skin for transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-inhibitory and anti-inflammatory activities and investigated their mechanisms in alleviating sensitive skin (SS). A low-molecular-weight hydrolysate was prepared through enzymatic hydrolysis of <i>T. fasciatus</i> skin, followed by ultrafiltration, with subsequent peptide identification performed using nano-HPLC-MS/MS and molecular docking-based virtual screening. Among 20 TRPV1-antagonistic peptides (TFTIPs), QFF (T10), LDIF (T14), and FFR (T18) exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects in (lipopolysaccharide) LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages. T14 showed the strongest TRPV1 inhibition; T14 (200 μM) inhibited Ca<sup>2</sup>⁺ in capsaicin-stimulated HaCaT cells by 73.1% and showed stable binding in molecular docking, warranting further analysis. Mechanistic studies revealed that T14 suppressed NF-κB signaling by downregulating p65 protein expression, thereby reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion (G-CSF, GM-CSF, ICAM-1, IL-6, TNF-α) in RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, T14 (400 μM) inhibited ET-1 in LPS-stimulated endothelial cells by 75.0%; ICAM-1 reached 49.0%. Network pharmacology predicted STAT3, MAPK3, SPHK1, and CTSB as key targets mediating T14’s effects. These study findings suggest that T14 may be a promising candidate for skincare applications targeting SS.
ISSN:1660-3397

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