Acute renal failure in premature neonates

Background/Aim. Hemodynamic stress is the leading cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in premature neonates. Incidence of ARF in this population is between 8 and 24%. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of presence of ARF in premature neonates, as well as its impact on their survival...

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Main Authors: Doronjski Aleksandra, Stojanović Vesna, Spasojević Slobodan, Kovačević Branka, Pavlović Vesna, Nikolić Marko, Savić Radojica
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, Belgrade 2009-01-01
Series:Vojnosanitetski Pregled
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Online Access:http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2009/0042-84500911863D.pdf
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author Doronjski Aleksandra
Stojanović Vesna
Spasojević Slobodan
Kovačević Branka
Pavlović Vesna
Nikolić Marko
Savić Radojica
author_facet Doronjski Aleksandra
Stojanović Vesna
Spasojević Slobodan
Kovačević Branka
Pavlović Vesna
Nikolić Marko
Savić Radojica
author_sort Doronjski Aleksandra
collection DOAJ
description Background/Aim. Hemodynamic stress is the leading cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in premature neonates. Incidence of ARF in this population is between 8 and 24%. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of presence of ARF in premature neonates, as well as its impact on their survival. Methods. A retrospective study of 114 premature neonates [(gestational age, GA less than 37 gestation weeks (gw)] admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at the Pediatric Clinic, Institute of Child and Youth Healthcare of Vojvodina in 2007 was conducted. Serum creatinine, urea and bilirubine were determined on the 3rd day of life in 65 newborns who met inclusion criteria. ARF was diagnosed in 16 newborns (n=16/65; 25%). Results. The premature neonates with ARF had significantly lower GA [<28 gw - 8/16 (50%) vs. 5/49 (10%); p < 0.05], birth weight (BW) (1 265 g vs. 1615 g; p < 0.05) and systolic blood pressure (43.37 mm Hg vs. 52.7 mmHg; p < 0.05) than ones without ARF. Non-olyguric ARF was diagnosed in 62% of newborns with ARF (n=10/16), while the rest had the olyguric type (n = 6/16; 38%). Twenty-five percent of premature neonates with ARF (n = 4/16) died in contrast to 10% of premature neonates without ARF (n = 5/49). ARF was treated conservatively in all but 3 cases when peritoneal dialysis was performed. Renal function has recovered completely in all of the survivors. In order to determine their predictivity in relation to ARF, following parameters were analyzed: GA, BW < 1 500 g, presence of concomitant sepsis and intracranial hemorrhage grade III/IV. BW < 1 500 g demonstrated the highest sensitivity (se 0.75), while GA < 28 gw, sepsis and intracranial hemorrhage grade III/IV showed high specificity (sp = 0.90, 0.89 0.88, respectively). Conclusion. Acute renal failure frequently occurs in population of premature neonates and requires meticulous fluid and electrolyte balance, especially in the case of low birth weight and extreme immaturity.
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spelling doaj-art-e74844bd711b4ebbb9d4d347bdb5aad12025-08-20T03:24:43ZengMinistry of Defence of the Republic of Serbia, University of Defence, BelgradeVojnosanitetski Pregled0042-84502009-01-01661186386710.2298/VSP0911863DAcute renal failure in premature neonatesDoronjski AleksandraStojanović VesnaSpasojević SlobodanKovačević BrankaPavlović VesnaNikolić MarkoSavić RadojicaBackground/Aim. Hemodynamic stress is the leading cause of acute renal failure (ARF) in premature neonates. Incidence of ARF in this population is between 8 and 24%. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of presence of ARF in premature neonates, as well as its impact on their survival. Methods. A retrospective study of 114 premature neonates [(gestational age, GA less than 37 gestation weeks (gw)] admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at the Pediatric Clinic, Institute of Child and Youth Healthcare of Vojvodina in 2007 was conducted. Serum creatinine, urea and bilirubine were determined on the 3rd day of life in 65 newborns who met inclusion criteria. ARF was diagnosed in 16 newborns (n=16/65; 25%). Results. The premature neonates with ARF had significantly lower GA [<28 gw - 8/16 (50%) vs. 5/49 (10%); p < 0.05], birth weight (BW) (1 265 g vs. 1615 g; p < 0.05) and systolic blood pressure (43.37 mm Hg vs. 52.7 mmHg; p < 0.05) than ones without ARF. Non-olyguric ARF was diagnosed in 62% of newborns with ARF (n=10/16), while the rest had the olyguric type (n = 6/16; 38%). Twenty-five percent of premature neonates with ARF (n = 4/16) died in contrast to 10% of premature neonates without ARF (n = 5/49). ARF was treated conservatively in all but 3 cases when peritoneal dialysis was performed. Renal function has recovered completely in all of the survivors. In order to determine their predictivity in relation to ARF, following parameters were analyzed: GA, BW < 1 500 g, presence of concomitant sepsis and intracranial hemorrhage grade III/IV. BW < 1 500 g demonstrated the highest sensitivity (se 0.75), while GA < 28 gw, sepsis and intracranial hemorrhage grade III/IV showed high specificity (sp = 0.90, 0.89 0.88, respectively). Conclusion. Acute renal failure frequently occurs in population of premature neonates and requires meticulous fluid and electrolyte balance, especially in the case of low birth weight and extreme immaturity.http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2009/0042-84500911863D.pdfkidney failure, acuteinfant, prematuresurvival
spellingShingle Doronjski Aleksandra
Stojanović Vesna
Spasojević Slobodan
Kovačević Branka
Pavlović Vesna
Nikolić Marko
Savić Radojica
Acute renal failure in premature neonates
Vojnosanitetski Pregled
kidney failure, acute
infant, premature
survival
title Acute renal failure in premature neonates
title_full Acute renal failure in premature neonates
title_fullStr Acute renal failure in premature neonates
title_full_unstemmed Acute renal failure in premature neonates
title_short Acute renal failure in premature neonates
title_sort acute renal failure in premature neonates
topic kidney failure, acute
infant, premature
survival
url http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0042-8450/2009/0042-84500911863D.pdf
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AT stojanovicvesna acuterenalfailureinprematureneonates
AT spasojevicslobodan acuterenalfailureinprematureneonates
AT kovacevicbranka acuterenalfailureinprematureneonates
AT pavlovicvesna acuterenalfailureinprematureneonates
AT nikolicmarko acuterenalfailureinprematureneonates
AT savicradojica acuterenalfailureinprematureneonates