Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy

This study aimed to prospectively assess the use of the ultrasound signal amplifier in preoperative color Doppler ultrasound (DUS) evaluation of carotid plaques in asymptomatic patients eligible for surgical correction. Between November 2022 and May 2023, 21 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenos...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Marco Campolmi, MD, Sara Speziali, MD, Elena Giacomelli, MD, PhD, Lapo Dolfi, MD, Walter Dorigo, MD, Raffaele Pulli, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468428725000978
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849408594237194240
author Marco Campolmi, MD
Sara Speziali, MD
Elena Giacomelli, MD, PhD
Lapo Dolfi, MD
Walter Dorigo, MD
Raffaele Pulli, MD
author_facet Marco Campolmi, MD
Sara Speziali, MD
Elena Giacomelli, MD, PhD
Lapo Dolfi, MD
Walter Dorigo, MD
Raffaele Pulli, MD
author_sort Marco Campolmi, MD
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to prospectively assess the use of the ultrasound signal amplifier in preoperative color Doppler ultrasound (DUS) evaluation of carotid plaques in asymptomatic patients eligible for surgical correction. Between November 2022 and May 2023, 21 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis were enrolled. Each patient underwent DUS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and computed tomography angiography (CTA) during the preoperative workup. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, risk factors, comorbidities, and therapy were collected. The degree of stenosis was analyzed using North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial criteria, comparing DUS, CEUS, and CTA with statistical tests. Hemodynamic parameters (peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, internal carotid artery/common carotid artery ratio) and plaque morphology (juxtaluminal black areas, discrete white areas, and intraplaque neovascularization) were assessed. CEUS examination demonstrated a significantly higher stenosis degree (72%) compared with DUS (68%; P < .001) and differed from CTA (80%; P = .004). Hemodynamic parameters were also higher with CEUS (peak systolic velocity, 321 cm/sec vs 249 cm/sec; end-diastolic velocity, 92 cm/sec vs 88 cm/sec; internal carotid artery/common carotid artery ratio, 4.4 vs 3.8; all P < .001). CEUS examination identified irregular plaque margins more frequently (15 cases vs 8 cases), larger juxtaluminal black areas (17 cases vs 7 cases, mean diameter 3.3 mm vs 2.7 mm), and discrete white areas (6 vs 0). Neovascularization was observed in 10 plaques via CEUS examination. These findings suggest that CEUS examination is a safe, cost-effective, and efficient noninvasive tool for preoperative carotid plaque assessment, offering higher resolution and more detailed plaque characterization compared with DUS. Despite the limited sample size, CEUS examination provides valuable insights into plaque morphology and embolic risk profile. The CEUS examination needs to be validated with larger multicenter cohorts.
format Article
id doaj-art-e72d8b94bba64bfcbae5a85156da99c6
institution Kabale University
issn 2468-4287
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques
spelling doaj-art-e72d8b94bba64bfcbae5a85156da99c62025-08-20T03:35:44ZengElsevierJournal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques2468-42872025-08-0111410181510.1016/j.jvscit.2025.101815Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomyMarco Campolmi, MD0Sara Speziali, MD1Elena Giacomelli, MD, PhD2Lapo Dolfi, MD3Walter Dorigo, MD4Raffaele Pulli, MD5Correspondence: Marco Campolmi, MD, Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla, 3, Firenze 50134, Italy; Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalySection of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalySection of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalySection of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalySection of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalySection of Vascular Surgery, Department of Excellence of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, ItalyThis study aimed to prospectively assess the use of the ultrasound signal amplifier in preoperative color Doppler ultrasound (DUS) evaluation of carotid plaques in asymptomatic patients eligible for surgical correction. Between November 2022 and May 2023, 21 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis were enrolled. Each patient underwent DUS, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and computed tomography angiography (CTA) during the preoperative workup. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, risk factors, comorbidities, and therapy were collected. The degree of stenosis was analyzed using North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial criteria, comparing DUS, CEUS, and CTA with statistical tests. Hemodynamic parameters (peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, internal carotid artery/common carotid artery ratio) and plaque morphology (juxtaluminal black areas, discrete white areas, and intraplaque neovascularization) were assessed. CEUS examination demonstrated a significantly higher stenosis degree (72%) compared with DUS (68%; P < .001) and differed from CTA (80%; P = .004). Hemodynamic parameters were also higher with CEUS (peak systolic velocity, 321 cm/sec vs 249 cm/sec; end-diastolic velocity, 92 cm/sec vs 88 cm/sec; internal carotid artery/common carotid artery ratio, 4.4 vs 3.8; all P < .001). CEUS examination identified irregular plaque margins more frequently (15 cases vs 8 cases), larger juxtaluminal black areas (17 cases vs 7 cases, mean diameter 3.3 mm vs 2.7 mm), and discrete white areas (6 vs 0). Neovascularization was observed in 10 plaques via CEUS examination. These findings suggest that CEUS examination is a safe, cost-effective, and efficient noninvasive tool for preoperative carotid plaque assessment, offering higher resolution and more detailed plaque characterization compared with DUS. Despite the limited sample size, CEUS examination provides valuable insights into plaque morphology and embolic risk profile. The CEUS examination needs to be validated with larger multicenter cohorts.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468428725000978Carotid stenosisUltrasoundCEUSPlaque instabilityNoninvasive vascular imagingCerebrovascular disease
spellingShingle Marco Campolmi, MD
Sara Speziali, MD
Elena Giacomelli, MD, PhD
Lapo Dolfi, MD
Walter Dorigo, MD
Raffaele Pulli, MD
Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy
Journal of Vascular Surgery Cases and Innovative Techniques
Carotid stenosis
Ultrasound
CEUS
Plaque instability
Noninvasive vascular imaging
Cerebrovascular disease
title Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy
title_full Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy
title_fullStr Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy
title_full_unstemmed Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy
title_short Preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient-candidates for carotid endarterectomy
title_sort preliminary study on the use of contrast ultrasound in the preoperative workup of patient candidates for carotid endarterectomy
topic Carotid stenosis
Ultrasound
CEUS
Plaque instability
Noninvasive vascular imaging
Cerebrovascular disease
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468428725000978
work_keys_str_mv AT marcocampolmimd preliminarystudyontheuseofcontrastultrasoundinthepreoperativeworkupofpatientcandidatesforcarotidendarterectomy
AT saraspezialimd preliminarystudyontheuseofcontrastultrasoundinthepreoperativeworkupofpatientcandidatesforcarotidendarterectomy
AT elenagiacomellimdphd preliminarystudyontheuseofcontrastultrasoundinthepreoperativeworkupofpatientcandidatesforcarotidendarterectomy
AT lapodolfimd preliminarystudyontheuseofcontrastultrasoundinthepreoperativeworkupofpatientcandidatesforcarotidendarterectomy
AT walterdorigomd preliminarystudyontheuseofcontrastultrasoundinthepreoperativeworkupofpatientcandidatesforcarotidendarterectomy
AT raffaelepullimd preliminarystudyontheuseofcontrastultrasoundinthepreoperativeworkupofpatientcandidatesforcarotidendarterectomy