Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis
The present study was aimed at determining the activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (AETC and METC) against Salmonella typhimurium. In vitro anti-Salmonella activity of T. cordifolia was determined through the broth dilution and agar well diffusion assays. The immune-s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1787803 |
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| author | Sultan Alsuhaibani Masood A. Khan |
| author_facet | Sultan Alsuhaibani Masood A. Khan |
| author_sort | Sultan Alsuhaibani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study was aimed at determining the activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (AETC and METC) against Salmonella typhimurium. In vitro anti-Salmonella activity of T. cordifolia was determined through the broth dilution and agar well diffusion assays. The immune-stimulating potential of AETC or METC was determined by measuring the cytokine levels in the culture supernatants of treated murine J774 macrophages. Antibacterial activity of AETC or METC was determined by treating S. typhimurium-infected macrophages and BALB/C mice. The toxicity of AETC or METC was determined by measuring the levels of liver inflammation markers aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and antioxidant enzymes. Macrophages treated with AETC or METC secreted greater levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β. METC showed greater activity against S. typhimurium infection in macrophages and mice as well. Treatment with METC resulted in increased survival and reduced bacterial load in S. typhimurium-infected mice. Moreover, METC or AETC treatment reduced the liver inflammation and rescued the levels of antioxidant enzymes in S. typhimurium-infected mice. The results of the present study suggest that the use of T. cordifolia may act as a double-edged sword in combating salmonellosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e6e64398ffa94c6b83e7546b514df30e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-e6e64398ffa94c6b83e7546b514df30e2025-02-03T06:07:50ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562017-01-01201710.1155/2017/17878031787803Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against SalmonellosisSultan Alsuhaibani0Masood A. Khan1Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi ArabiaThe present study was aimed at determining the activity of aqueous and methanolic extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (AETC and METC) against Salmonella typhimurium. In vitro anti-Salmonella activity of T. cordifolia was determined through the broth dilution and agar well diffusion assays. The immune-stimulating potential of AETC or METC was determined by measuring the cytokine levels in the culture supernatants of treated murine J774 macrophages. Antibacterial activity of AETC or METC was determined by treating S. typhimurium-infected macrophages and BALB/C mice. The toxicity of AETC or METC was determined by measuring the levels of liver inflammation markers aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and antioxidant enzymes. Macrophages treated with AETC or METC secreted greater levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1β. METC showed greater activity against S. typhimurium infection in macrophages and mice as well. Treatment with METC resulted in increased survival and reduced bacterial load in S. typhimurium-infected mice. Moreover, METC or AETC treatment reduced the liver inflammation and rescued the levels of antioxidant enzymes in S. typhimurium-infected mice. The results of the present study suggest that the use of T. cordifolia may act as a double-edged sword in combating salmonellosis.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1787803 |
| spellingShingle | Sultan Alsuhaibani Masood A. Khan Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis |
| title_full | Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis |
| title_fullStr | Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis |
| title_short | Immune-Stimulatory and Therapeutic Activity of Tinospora cordifolia: Double-Edged Sword against Salmonellosis |
| title_sort | immune stimulatory and therapeutic activity of tinospora cordifolia double edged sword against salmonellosis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1787803 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sultanalsuhaibani immunestimulatoryandtherapeuticactivityoftinosporacordifoliadoubleedgedswordagainstsalmonellosis AT masoodakhan immunestimulatoryandtherapeuticactivityoftinosporacordifoliadoubleedgedswordagainstsalmonellosis |