Syringyl unit in the lignin of Ginkgo biloba leaves
Abstract To elucidate site-specific lignin in Ginkgo biloba leaves, the chemical architecture of lignin in leaf veins (LV) and petioles (LP) was analyzed by combining thioacidolysis and 2D Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation (HSQC) NMR. LV and LP were separated from the leaves, and polysacchari...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SpringerOpen
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Wood Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s10086-025-02223-y |
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| Summary: | Abstract To elucidate site-specific lignin in Ginkgo biloba leaves, the chemical architecture of lignin in leaf veins (LV) and petioles (LP) was analyzed by combining thioacidolysis and 2D Heteronuclear Single Quantum Correlation (HSQC) NMR. LV and LP were separated from the leaves, and polysaccharides were enzymatically digested to give residual lignin (EL). Acetylated EL (ELAc) and milled-wood lignin (MWL) were also prepared. As a result of thioacidolysis, guaiacyl (G) units were the predominant monomers in all samples. In LV and LP samples, the p-hydroxyphenyl (H) unit (approx. 1–2%) and a syringyl (S) unit were detected. The S-unit was observed higher in LP (approx. 2%) than in LV (trace). In thioacidolysis dimeric product analyses, major G–G products and a few G–H products were yielded; additionally, LP samples contained a β-1′ dimer incorporating S-units. 2D HSQC NMR spectra agreed with these trends. LV-ELAc exhibited β-O-4′, β-5′, and β-β′ linkages with H and G aromatics, whereas LP-MWL additionally showed an S-aromatic signal. Some unidentified resonances in LV-ELAc and LP-MWL were observed but not assigned to specific molecules. The S-derived monomers and dimers in petioles suggest a site-specific lignin potentially tailored to petiole mechanics or physiology. |
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| ISSN: | 1611-4663 |