Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study
Background: Physical exercise helps to mitigate cardiovascular risks in people with diabetes mellitus (DM), but there are limited data in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk awareness, exercise practices and metabolic outcomes among Nigerians with diabetes. Materials and Methods:...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/npmj.npmj_54_24 |
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| author | Nura Hamidu Alkali Andrew E. Uloko Ijuptil Chiroma Ayuba Mugana Maria Ahuoiza Garba Innocent Onoja Okpe Elijah Tonde Gargah Umar Faruk Abdullahi Lumsami Shadrach Ibrahim Abdullahi Haladu |
| author_facet | Nura Hamidu Alkali Andrew E. Uloko Ijuptil Chiroma Ayuba Mugana Maria Ahuoiza Garba Innocent Onoja Okpe Elijah Tonde Gargah Umar Faruk Abdullahi Lumsami Shadrach Ibrahim Abdullahi Haladu |
| author_sort | Nura Hamidu Alkali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Physical exercise helps to mitigate cardiovascular risks in people with diabetes mellitus (DM), but there are limited data in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk awareness, exercise practices and metabolic outcomes among Nigerians with diabetes.
Materials and Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional study at five tertiary hospitals using questionnaire interviews and clinical assessments. Participants’ knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and knowledge of exercise were assessed on 12- and 5-item scores, while exercise practices were classed as adequate if performed regularly on 3 or more days weekly for a total of 150 min or more based on the American Diabetes Association recommendations. Mean body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose, serum haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), lipid profile, urea, creatinine and uric acid were then compared among participant groups.
Results:
We studied 426 participants with DM, 58.7% females. The mean age was 52.9 ± 13.1 years, with males significantly older than females (54.6 ± 12.2 vs. 51.8 ± 13.5 years; 95% confidence interval: 0.27–5.28, P = 0.03). The mean age at diabetes diagnosis was 44.8 ± 11.7 years, and the median duration of diabetes was 84 months. There was low knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and low knowledge of exercise (mean scores of 2.94 and 2.31, respectively). Forty-three per cent of participants reported adequate exercise, which was significantly associated with younger age (P = 0.007), male gender (P = 0.001) and formal education (P = 0.021). Participants with adequate exercise had lower systolic BP and serum urea compared to those with inadequate exercise, but there were no significant differences in BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, serum lipids, creatinine or uric acid.
Conclusion:
Participants had low knowledge of cardiovascular risks and the appropriate exercise practices for diabetes patients. There is a need for better patient education on diabetes self-care and exercise at clinic visits. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e5f3a0efc449456f9862a5813d2e0711 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1117-1936 2468-6875 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-e5f3a0efc449456f9862a5813d2e07112025-01-25T06:15:49ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsNigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal1117-19362468-68752024-04-0131213914610.4103/npmj.npmj_54_24Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre StudyNura Hamidu AlkaliAndrew E. UlokoIjuptil ChiromaAyuba MuganaMaria Ahuoiza GarbaInnocent Onoja OkpeElijah Tonde GargahUmar Faruk AbdullahiLumsami ShadrachIbrahim Abdullahi HaladuBackground: Physical exercise helps to mitigate cardiovascular risks in people with diabetes mellitus (DM), but there are limited data in Nigeria. This study aimed to assess cardiovascular risk awareness, exercise practices and metabolic outcomes among Nigerians with diabetes. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at five tertiary hospitals using questionnaire interviews and clinical assessments. Participants’ knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and knowledge of exercise were assessed on 12- and 5-item scores, while exercise practices were classed as adequate if performed regularly on 3 or more days weekly for a total of 150 min or more based on the American Diabetes Association recommendations. Mean body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose, serum haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), lipid profile, urea, creatinine and uric acid were then compared among participant groups. Results: We studied 426 participants with DM, 58.7% females. The mean age was 52.9 ± 13.1 years, with males significantly older than females (54.6 ± 12.2 vs. 51.8 ± 13.5 years; 95% confidence interval: 0.27–5.28, P = 0.03). The mean age at diabetes diagnosis was 44.8 ± 11.7 years, and the median duration of diabetes was 84 months. There was low knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors and low knowledge of exercise (mean scores of 2.94 and 2.31, respectively). Forty-three per cent of participants reported adequate exercise, which was significantly associated with younger age (P = 0.007), male gender (P = 0.001) and formal education (P = 0.021). Participants with adequate exercise had lower systolic BP and serum urea compared to those with inadequate exercise, but there were no significant differences in BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, serum lipids, creatinine or uric acid. Conclusion: Participants had low knowledge of cardiovascular risks and the appropriate exercise practices for diabetes patients. There is a need for better patient education on diabetes self-care and exercise at clinic visits.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/npmj.npmj_54_24cardiovascular diseasediabetes mellitusexercisenigeriarisk awarenesssub-saharan africa |
| spellingShingle | Nura Hamidu Alkali Andrew E. Uloko Ijuptil Chiroma Ayuba Mugana Maria Ahuoiza Garba Innocent Onoja Okpe Elijah Tonde Gargah Umar Faruk Abdullahi Lumsami Shadrach Ibrahim Abdullahi Haladu Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal cardiovascular disease diabetes mellitus exercise nigeria risk awareness sub-saharan africa |
| title | Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study |
| title_full | Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study |
| title_fullStr | Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study |
| title_short | Cardiovascular Risk Awareness, Exercise Practices and Metabolic Outcomes among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Northern Nigeria: A Cross-sectional, Multicentre Study |
| title_sort | cardiovascular risk awareness exercise practices and metabolic outcomes among patients with diabetes mellitus in northern nigeria a cross sectional multicentre study |
| topic | cardiovascular disease diabetes mellitus exercise nigeria risk awareness sub-saharan africa |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/npmj.npmj_54_24 |
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