Enhanced Production of IL-10 in PCR-Positive Dogs Infected with <i>E. canis</i> and <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> Facilitate Specific Immune Responses

Enhanced Production of IL-10 in PCR-Positive Dogs Infected with <i>E. canis</i> and <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> Facilitate Specific Immune Responses

Infection of dogs with the tick-borne rickettsiae <i>Ehrlichia</i> and <i>Anaplasma</i> provokes an immune response mediating the pathology and bacterial resistance. IL-10 is the main anti-inflammatory cytokine and plays a multifaceted role in host protection. The study aimed...

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Main Authors: Iskren Stanilov, Krasimira Gospodinova, Vladimir Petrov, Lyuba Miteva, Ilia Tsachev, Spaska Stanilova
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Microorganisms
Subjects:
cytokine
IL-10
Anaplasmataceae
antibody synthesis
Ehrlichia
Anaplasma
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/12/2516
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Summary:Infection of dogs with the tick-borne rickettsiae <i>Ehrlichia</i> and <i>Anaplasma</i> provokes an immune response mediating the pathology and bacterial resistance. IL-10 is the main anti-inflammatory cytokine and plays a multifaceted role in host protection. The study aimed to investigate circulating IL-10 in 32 dogs naturally infected with <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> and <i>E. canis</i>, identified by PCR positivity, and 33 PCR-negative animals which tested positive for antibodies against these pathogens, as well as 22 healthy animals. The highest quantity of IL-10, measured by ELISA, was observed among dogs positive simultaneously for anti-<i>E. canis</i> and anti-A. <i>phagocytophilum</i> IgG antibodies, followed by dogs positive for anti-<i>E. canis</i> only. The concentration of IL-10 in PCR-positive dogs was almost three and a half times higher than that measured in the control group (77.09 ± 23.61 pg./mL vs. 21.55 ± 4.61 pg./mL; <i>p</i> = 0.0015) and five times higher than the concentration of interleukin in PCR-negative animals (77.09 ± 23.61 pg./mL vs. 14.86 ± 3.01 pg./mL; <i>p</i> = 0.000016). The highest level of IL-10 was observed in PCR-positive dogs with mixed infection (120.54 ± 44.18), followed by the level in PCR-positive dogs for <i>E. canis</i> only (78.81 ± 16.92). The lowest level of IL-10 was observed in PCR-positive dogs for <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> only (56.32 ± 12.68). We may suggest that infection with <i>E. canis</i> and <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> stimulates the IL-10 production in dogs, which may facilitate specific antibody responses.
ISSN:2076-2607

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