Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content

The construction industry’s escalating energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions underscore the need for sustainable, high-performance building materials. This study investigates the incorporation of locally sourced alfa fibers (AFs) into plaster-based composites to enhance thermal insulation, red...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Othmane Horma, Mohammed Drissi, Boutahar Laaouar, Sara El Hassani, Aboubakr El Hammouti, Ahmed Mezrhab
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Buildings
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/7/1187
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850213004777357312
author Othmane Horma
Mohammed Drissi
Boutahar Laaouar
Sara El Hassani
Aboubakr El Hammouti
Ahmed Mezrhab
author_facet Othmane Horma
Mohammed Drissi
Boutahar Laaouar
Sara El Hassani
Aboubakr El Hammouti
Ahmed Mezrhab
author_sort Othmane Horma
collection DOAJ
description The construction industry’s escalating energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions underscore the need for sustainable, high-performance building materials. This study investigates the incorporation of locally sourced alfa fibers (AFs) into plaster-based composites to enhance thermal insulation, reduce environmental impact, and lower production costs. Three distinct AF morphologies—small (<5 mm), medium (10 ± 5 mm), and large (20 ± 5 mm)—were incorporated at fixed mass ratios, and their effects on key material properties were systematically evaluated. The results indicate that integrating AFs into plaster reduces composite density by up to 16.5%, improves thermal characteristics—lowering thermal conductivity and diffusivity by up to 52%—and diminishes both CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and production costs. The addition of fibers also enhances flexural strength (up to 40%) through a fiber bridging mechanism that mitigates crack propagation, although a general decline in compressive strength was observed. Notably, composites containing medium and large fibers achieved significantly lower densities (~1050 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and superior thermal insulation (~0.25 W/mK) compared with those with small fibers, with the largest fibers delivering the greatest thermal performance at the expense of compressive strength. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of AF–plaster composites as environmentally responsible, high-performance building materials, while emphasizing the need to carefully balance mechanical trade-offs for structural applications.
format Article
id doaj-art-e5ab141df1324aebbee0f264c19bc11a
institution OA Journals
issn 2075-5309
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Buildings
spelling doaj-art-e5ab141df1324aebbee0f264c19bc11a2025-08-20T02:09:13ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-04-01157118710.3390/buildings15071187Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber ContentOthmane Horma0Mohammed Drissi1Boutahar Laaouar2Sara El Hassani3Aboubakr El Hammouti4Ahmed Mezrhab5Mechanics and Energy Laboratory, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, MoroccoMechanics and Energy Laboratory, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, MoroccoMechanics and Energy Laboratory, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, MoroccoLaboratory of Energetics, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan 93002, MoroccoInstitut de Recherche de la Construction, ESTP, 28 Avenue du Président Wilson, F-94230 Cachan, FranceMechanics and Energy Laboratory, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60000, MoroccoThe construction industry’s escalating energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions underscore the need for sustainable, high-performance building materials. This study investigates the incorporation of locally sourced alfa fibers (AFs) into plaster-based composites to enhance thermal insulation, reduce environmental impact, and lower production costs. Three distinct AF morphologies—small (<5 mm), medium (10 ± 5 mm), and large (20 ± 5 mm)—were incorporated at fixed mass ratios, and their effects on key material properties were systematically evaluated. The results indicate that integrating AFs into plaster reduces composite density by up to 16.5%, improves thermal characteristics—lowering thermal conductivity and diffusivity by up to 52%—and diminishes both CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and production costs. The addition of fibers also enhances flexural strength (up to 40%) through a fiber bridging mechanism that mitigates crack propagation, although a general decline in compressive strength was observed. Notably, composites containing medium and large fibers achieved significantly lower densities (~1050 kg/m<sup>3</sup>) and superior thermal insulation (~0.25 W/mK) compared with those with small fibers, with the largest fibers delivering the greatest thermal performance at the expense of compressive strength. Overall, these findings highlight the potential of AF–plaster composites as environmentally responsible, high-performance building materials, while emphasizing the need to carefully balance mechanical trade-offs for structural applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/7/1187alfa fibersplaster-based compositesfiber morphologythermal insulationflexural strengthsustainability
spellingShingle Othmane Horma
Mohammed Drissi
Boutahar Laaouar
Sara El Hassani
Aboubakr El Hammouti
Ahmed Mezrhab
Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content
Buildings
alfa fibers
plaster-based composites
fiber morphology
thermal insulation
flexural strength
sustainability
title Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content
title_full Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content
title_fullStr Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content
title_short Evaluating the Influence of Alfa Fiber Morphology on the Thermo-Mechanical Performance of Plaster-Based Composites and Exploring the Cost–Environmental Effects of Fiber Content
title_sort evaluating the influence of alfa fiber morphology on the thermo mechanical performance of plaster based composites and exploring the cost environmental effects of fiber content
topic alfa fibers
plaster-based composites
fiber morphology
thermal insulation
flexural strength
sustainability
url https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/7/1187
work_keys_str_mv AT othmanehorma evaluatingtheinfluenceofalfafibermorphologyonthethermomechanicalperformanceofplasterbasedcompositesandexploringthecostenvironmentaleffectsoffibercontent
AT mohammeddrissi evaluatingtheinfluenceofalfafibermorphologyonthethermomechanicalperformanceofplasterbasedcompositesandexploringthecostenvironmentaleffectsoffibercontent
AT boutaharlaaouar evaluatingtheinfluenceofalfafibermorphologyonthethermomechanicalperformanceofplasterbasedcompositesandexploringthecostenvironmentaleffectsoffibercontent
AT saraelhassani evaluatingtheinfluenceofalfafibermorphologyonthethermomechanicalperformanceofplasterbasedcompositesandexploringthecostenvironmentaleffectsoffibercontent
AT aboubakrelhammouti evaluatingtheinfluenceofalfafibermorphologyonthethermomechanicalperformanceofplasterbasedcompositesandexploringthecostenvironmentaleffectsoffibercontent
AT ahmedmezrhab evaluatingtheinfluenceofalfafibermorphologyonthethermomechanicalperformanceofplasterbasedcompositesandexploringthecostenvironmentaleffectsoffibercontent