Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach
IntroductionEarly sexual debut is an area of concern in Nigeria with implications for reproductive health.MethodsThis study addresses this by proposing a more effective survival model—one that incorporates both independent and identically distributed (IID) and Besag intrinsically conditional auto-re...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Reproductive Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2025.1475421/full |
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| author | Fabio Mathias Correa Peter Enesi Omaku Joseph Odunayo Braimah Joseph Odunayo Braimah |
| author_facet | Fabio Mathias Correa Peter Enesi Omaku Joseph Odunayo Braimah Joseph Odunayo Braimah |
| author_sort | Fabio Mathias Correa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionEarly sexual debut is an area of concern in Nigeria with implications for reproductive health.MethodsThis study addresses this by proposing a more effective survival model—one that incorporates both independent and identically distributed (IID) and Besag intrinsically conditional auto-regressive (ICAR) random effect priors, using a generalised additive model that accounts for both individual and spatial influences on age at first sex. We analyse data from the 2018 Nigerian NDHS survey and compare our model with existing models: a model without the cluster frailty effect, a model that ignores the Besag ICAR and includes the IID, and a model that ignores the IID and includes only the Besag ICAR.ResultsOur approach, which combines independent and spatial random effects, outperforms others based on statistical criteria (Deviation Information Criterion and the Widely Applicable Information Criterion).DiscussionAs shown in this study, the proposed model effectively captures the complexity of age at first sex. In addition, visualisations reveal significant geographic and social clusters with high rates of early sexual debut in Nigeria. These findings highlight the importance of considering multi-level clustering to better understand and promote healthy sexual behaviour among young Nigerians through targeted interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e591e04d7d774402b63a6db648b39558 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-3153 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Reproductive Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-e591e04d7d774402b63a6db648b395582025-01-23T05:10:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Reproductive Health2673-31532025-01-01710.3389/frph.2025.14754211475421Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approachFabio Mathias Correa0Peter Enesi Omaku1Joseph Odunayo Braimah2Joseph Odunayo Braimah3Department of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South AfricaDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nasarawa State, NigeriaDepartment of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South AfricaDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, NigeriaIntroductionEarly sexual debut is an area of concern in Nigeria with implications for reproductive health.MethodsThis study addresses this by proposing a more effective survival model—one that incorporates both independent and identically distributed (IID) and Besag intrinsically conditional auto-regressive (ICAR) random effect priors, using a generalised additive model that accounts for both individual and spatial influences on age at first sex. We analyse data from the 2018 Nigerian NDHS survey and compare our model with existing models: a model without the cluster frailty effect, a model that ignores the Besag ICAR and includes the IID, and a model that ignores the IID and includes only the Besag ICAR.ResultsOur approach, which combines independent and spatial random effects, outperforms others based on statistical criteria (Deviation Information Criterion and the Widely Applicable Information Criterion).DiscussionAs shown in this study, the proposed model effectively captures the complexity of age at first sex. In addition, visualisations reveal significant geographic and social clusters with high rates of early sexual debut in Nigeria. These findings highlight the importance of considering multi-level clustering to better understand and promote healthy sexual behaviour among young Nigerians through targeted interventions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2025.1475421/fullgeneralised additive modelBesagconditional auto-regressiveINLAspatial analysis |
| spellingShingle | Fabio Mathias Correa Peter Enesi Omaku Joseph Odunayo Braimah Joseph Odunayo Braimah Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach Frontiers in Reproductive Health generalised additive model Besag conditional auto-regressive INLA spatial analysis |
| title | Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach |
| title_full | Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach |
| title_fullStr | Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach |
| title_short | Assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in Nigeria: a multi-cluster survival analysis approach |
| title_sort | assessing factors influencing adolescent sexual debut in nigeria a multi cluster survival analysis approach |
| topic | generalised additive model Besag conditional auto-regressive INLA spatial analysis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2025.1475421/full |
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