Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities

Power generation is an important part of air vehicle energy management when developing long-endurance and reusable hypersonic aircraft. In order to utilize an air turbine power generation system on board, fuel-based rotating cooling has been researched to cool the turbine’s rotor blades. For fuel-co...

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Main Authors: Kuan Zheng, Huan Ma, Hongchuang Sun, Jiang Qin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Energies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1287
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author Kuan Zheng
Huan Ma
Hongchuang Sun
Jiang Qin
author_facet Kuan Zheng
Huan Ma
Hongchuang Sun
Jiang Qin
author_sort Kuan Zheng
collection DOAJ
description Power generation is an important part of air vehicle energy management when developing long-endurance and reusable hypersonic aircraft. In order to utilize an air turbine power generation system on board, fuel-based rotating cooling has been researched to cool the turbine’s rotor blades. For fuel-cooling air turbines, each blade corresponds to a separate cooling channel. All the separate cooling channels cross together and form a distributary cavity and a confluence cavity in the center of the disk. In order to determine the flow characteristics in the distributary and confluence cavities, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using the shear–stress–transport turbulence model were carried out under the conditions of different rotating speeds and different mass flow rates. The results showed great differences between non-rotating flow and rotating flow conditions in the distributary and confluence cavities. The flow in the distributary and confluence cavities has rotational velocity, with obvious layering distribution regularity. Moreover, a high-speed rotational flow surface is formed in the confluence cavity of the original structure, due to the combined functions of centrifugal force, inertia, and the Coriolis force. Great pressure loss occurs when fluid passes through the high-speed rotational flow surface. This pressure loss increases with the increase in rotating speed and mass flow rate. Finally, four structures were compared, and an optimal structure with a separated outlet channel was identified as the best structure to eliminate this great pressure loss.
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spelling doaj-art-e58fcaec0070436d8f601262686bb6952025-08-20T02:59:14ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732025-03-01185128710.3390/en18051287Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence CavitiesKuan Zheng0Huan Ma1Hongchuang Sun2Jiang Qin3AVIC Shenyang Aircraft Design & Research Institute, Shenyang 110035, ChinaAVIC Shenyang Aircraft Design & Research Institute, Shenyang 110035, ChinaCollege of New Energy, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaSchool of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, ChinaPower generation is an important part of air vehicle energy management when developing long-endurance and reusable hypersonic aircraft. In order to utilize an air turbine power generation system on board, fuel-based rotating cooling has been researched to cool the turbine’s rotor blades. For fuel-cooling air turbines, each blade corresponds to a separate cooling channel. All the separate cooling channels cross together and form a distributary cavity and a confluence cavity in the center of the disk. In order to determine the flow characteristics in the distributary and confluence cavities, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using the shear–stress–transport turbulence model were carried out under the conditions of different rotating speeds and different mass flow rates. The results showed great differences between non-rotating flow and rotating flow conditions in the distributary and confluence cavities. The flow in the distributary and confluence cavities has rotational velocity, with obvious layering distribution regularity. Moreover, a high-speed rotational flow surface is formed in the confluence cavity of the original structure, due to the combined functions of centrifugal force, inertia, and the Coriolis force. Great pressure loss occurs when fluid passes through the high-speed rotational flow surface. This pressure loss increases with the increase in rotating speed and mass flow rate. Finally, four structures were compared, and an optimal structure with a separated outlet channel was identified as the best structure to eliminate this great pressure loss.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1287rotating flowhydrocarbon fueldistributary cavityconfluence cavitygreat pressure loss
spellingShingle Kuan Zheng
Huan Ma
Hongchuang Sun
Jiang Qin
Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities
Energies
rotating flow
hydrocarbon fuel
distributary cavity
confluence cavity
great pressure loss
title Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities
title_full Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities
title_fullStr Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities
title_short Investigation of Flow Characteristics in Rotating Distributary and Confluence Cavities
title_sort investigation of flow characteristics in rotating distributary and confluence cavities
topic rotating flow
hydrocarbon fuel
distributary cavity
confluence cavity
great pressure loss
url https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/5/1287
work_keys_str_mv AT kuanzheng investigationofflowcharacteristicsinrotatingdistributaryandconfluencecavities
AT huanma investigationofflowcharacteristicsinrotatingdistributaryandconfluencecavities
AT hongchuangsun investigationofflowcharacteristicsinrotatingdistributaryandconfluencecavities
AT jiangqin investigationofflowcharacteristicsinrotatingdistributaryandconfluencecavities