Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism
Cancer is characterized by chronic inflammation and hypercoagulability, with an excess of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Tissue factor, the initiator of blood coagulation, circulates associated with extracellular vesicles (EV-TF). Studies investigating EV-TF between cancer-associated and non-cancer-a...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/83 |
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| author | Valentina Lami Dario Nieri Marta Pagnini Mario Gattini Claudia Donati Mariella De Santis Alessandro Cipriano Erica Bazzan Andrea Sbrana Alessandro Celi Tommaso Neri |
| author_facet | Valentina Lami Dario Nieri Marta Pagnini Mario Gattini Claudia Donati Mariella De Santis Alessandro Cipriano Erica Bazzan Andrea Sbrana Alessandro Celi Tommaso Neri |
| author_sort | Valentina Lami |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cancer is characterized by chronic inflammation and hypercoagulability, with an excess of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Tissue factor, the initiator of blood coagulation, circulates associated with extracellular vesicles (EV-TF). Studies investigating EV-TF between cancer-associated and non-cancer-associated VTE are lacking. We therefore compared EV-TF in unprovoked VTE (U-VTE), cancer-associated VTE (C-VTE), and cancer without VTE (C-w/o VTE). We also investigated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels between the same groups. The final population included 68 patients (U-VTE: <i>n</i> = 15; C-VTE: <i>n</i> = 24; C-w/o VTE: <i>n</i> = 29). All patients with VTE were enrolled within 48 h of diagnosis; non-VTE patients were recruited in the oncologic outpatient services. EV were isolated by differential centrifugation from 4 mL of peripheral blood; the final EV pellet (16,000× <i>g</i> for 45 min) was resuspended in 100 μL saline and tested for TF using a one-step clotting assay. There was a statistically significant difference for higher EV-TF in C-VTE and C-w/o VTE compared to U-VTE (<i>p</i> = 0.024; Kruskal–Wallis test). There was no significant difference between C-VTE and C-w/o VTE. Moreover, we did not find any difference in IL-6 levels. These preliminary data suggest that cancer represents, per se, a strong driver of EV-TF generation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e57b2c50f795425e8c7b6124d7e4bb5c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-e57b2c50f795425e8c7b6124d7e4bb5c2025-01-24T13:25:07ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-01-011518310.3390/biom15010083Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous ThromboembolismValentina Lami0Dario Nieri1Marta Pagnini2Mario Gattini3Claudia Donati4Mariella De Santis5Alessandro Cipriano6Erica Bazzan7Andrea Sbrana8Alessandro Celi9Tommaso Neri10UO Medicina d’Urgenza e Pronto Soccorso, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, ItalyUO Pneumologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyDipartimento Cardio Toraco Vascolare, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56126 Pisa, ItalyUO Medicina d’Urgenza e Pronto Soccorso, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, ItalyDipartimento di Oncologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, ItalyUO Pneumologia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, ItalyDipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell’Area Critica, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyCancer is characterized by chronic inflammation and hypercoagulability, with an excess of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Tissue factor, the initiator of blood coagulation, circulates associated with extracellular vesicles (EV-TF). Studies investigating EV-TF between cancer-associated and non-cancer-associated VTE are lacking. We therefore compared EV-TF in unprovoked VTE (U-VTE), cancer-associated VTE (C-VTE), and cancer without VTE (C-w/o VTE). We also investigated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels between the same groups. The final population included 68 patients (U-VTE: <i>n</i> = 15; C-VTE: <i>n</i> = 24; C-w/o VTE: <i>n</i> = 29). All patients with VTE were enrolled within 48 h of diagnosis; non-VTE patients were recruited in the oncologic outpatient services. EV were isolated by differential centrifugation from 4 mL of peripheral blood; the final EV pellet (16,000× <i>g</i> for 45 min) was resuspended in 100 μL saline and tested for TF using a one-step clotting assay. There was a statistically significant difference for higher EV-TF in C-VTE and C-w/o VTE compared to U-VTE (<i>p</i> = 0.024; Kruskal–Wallis test). There was no significant difference between C-VTE and C-w/o VTE. Moreover, we did not find any difference in IL-6 levels. These preliminary data suggest that cancer represents, per se, a strong driver of EV-TF generation.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/83cancertissue factorthromboembolismextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Valentina Lami Dario Nieri Marta Pagnini Mario Gattini Claudia Donati Mariella De Santis Alessandro Cipriano Erica Bazzan Andrea Sbrana Alessandro Celi Tommaso Neri Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism Biomolecules cancer tissue factor thromboembolism extracellular vesicles |
| title | Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism |
| title_full | Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism |
| title_fullStr | Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism |
| title_short | Circulating, Extracellular Vesicle-Associated Tissue Factor in Cancer Patients with and without Venous Thromboembolism |
| title_sort | circulating extracellular vesicle associated tissue factor in cancer patients with and without venous thromboembolism |
| topic | cancer tissue factor thromboembolism extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/83 |
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