Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery
IntroductionTriatoma garciabesi is a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, and is found across northwest and central Argentina, southern Bolivia, and western Paraguay. It frequently invades rural houses during the warm seasons and is common in peridomestic and wild envi...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| author | Thaiane Verly Thaiane Verly Federico G. Fiad Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Sebastián Pita Romina V. Piccinali Romina V. Piccinali Patricia A. Lobbia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Antonieta Rojas de Arias María José Cavallo Gisel V. Gigena Claudia S. Rodríguez María C. Vega-Gómez Miriam Rolón Julieta Nattero Julieta Nattero Julieta Nattero |
| author_facet | Thaiane Verly Thaiane Verly Federico G. Fiad Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Sebastián Pita Romina V. Piccinali Romina V. Piccinali Patricia A. Lobbia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Antonieta Rojas de Arias María José Cavallo Gisel V. Gigena Claudia S. Rodríguez María C. Vega-Gómez Miriam Rolón Julieta Nattero Julieta Nattero Julieta Nattero |
| author_sort | Thaiane Verly |
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| description | IntroductionTriatoma garciabesi is a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, and is found across northwest and central Argentina, southern Bolivia, and western Paraguay. It frequently invades rural houses during the warm seasons and is common in peridomestic and wild environments. Recently, the existence of two lineages has been demonstrated based on variation in cytochrome c oxidase I gene (coI). These lineages occur across the species distribution range and coincide with different ecological regions. Here, we aim to examine how phenotypic variation in flight-related traits is structured, determine the association between these traits and geographic distance, and identify the climatic, geographic, and/or vegetation cover variables that best explain the morphometric variation in flight-related traits.MethodsA total of 198 males of T. garciabesi from 24 populations in Argentina and Paraguay were included in this study, covering almost the entire T. garciabesi distribution range. Size and shape components of the forewing, membranous, and stiff portions of the forewing and head were measured using a landmark-based methodology.ResultsOur study documents that the size component of the membranous and stiff portions showed significant variation across the species range. Although forewing and head shape did not show significant differences in Procrustes distances across all pairs of populations, the membranous and stiff portions did. There is a strong and consistent association between shape and geographic distances at all levels of comparison (species and lineage ranges). The size and shape components and the geographic, climatic, and/or vegetation indexes explained covariation in all flight-related traits.DiscussionT. garciabesi appears to be a species sensitive to vegetation cover and landscape features. This study provides evidence for this by showing clear variation in flight-related traits across the species and lineage distribution range, as well as indications of isolation by distance and variation in flight-related traits according to climate, geography, and vegetation cover. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e5651fcdc6934672a278e432987443d5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-8600 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Insect Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-e5651fcdc6934672a278e432987443d52025-01-28T06:41:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Insect Science2673-86002025-01-01510.3389/finsc.2025.15322981532298Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greeneryThaiane Verly0Thaiane Verly1Federico G. Fiad2Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente3Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente4Sebastián Pita5Romina V. Piccinali6Romina V. Piccinali7Patricia A. Lobbia8Paz Sánchez-Casaccia9Paz Sánchez-Casaccia10Paz Sánchez-Casaccia11Antonieta Rojas de Arias12María José Cavallo13Gisel V. Gigena14Claudia S. Rodríguez15María C. Vega-Gómez16Miriam Rolón17Julieta Nattero18Julieta Nattero19Julieta Nattero20Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán” (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaCátedra de Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, ArgentinaCentro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán” (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaSección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, UruguayDepartamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaUnidad Operativa de Vectores y Ambiente (UnOVE), Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán, Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba, ArgentinaCentro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Asunción, ParaguayCentro Nacional de Diagnóstico e Investigación en Endemo-Epidemias (CeNDIE), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos Malbrán” (ANLIS), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaCentro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Asunción, ParaguayCentro Regional de Energía y Ambiente para el Desarrollo Sustentable (CREAS-CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Catamarca (UNCA), San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, ArgentinaCátedra de Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, ArgentinaCátedra de Morfología Animal, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)/Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, ArgentinaCentro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Asunción, ParaguayCentro para el Desarrollo de la Investigación Científica (CEDIC), Asunción, ParaguayDepartamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución, Laboratorio de Eco-Epidemiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaInstituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución (IEGEBA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina0Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, ArgentinaIntroductionTriatoma garciabesi is a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, and is found across northwest and central Argentina, southern Bolivia, and western Paraguay. It frequently invades rural houses during the warm seasons and is common in peridomestic and wild environments. Recently, the existence of two lineages has been demonstrated based on variation in cytochrome c oxidase I gene (coI). These lineages occur across the species distribution range and coincide with different ecological regions. Here, we aim to examine how phenotypic variation in flight-related traits is structured, determine the association between these traits and geographic distance, and identify the climatic, geographic, and/or vegetation cover variables that best explain the morphometric variation in flight-related traits.MethodsA total of 198 males of T. garciabesi from 24 populations in Argentina and Paraguay were included in this study, covering almost the entire T. garciabesi distribution range. Size and shape components of the forewing, membranous, and stiff portions of the forewing and head were measured using a landmark-based methodology.ResultsOur study documents that the size component of the membranous and stiff portions showed significant variation across the species range. Although forewing and head shape did not show significant differences in Procrustes distances across all pairs of populations, the membranous and stiff portions did. There is a strong and consistent association between shape and geographic distances at all levels of comparison (species and lineage ranges). The size and shape components and the geographic, climatic, and/or vegetation indexes explained covariation in all flight-related traits.DiscussionT. garciabesi appears to be a species sensitive to vegetation cover and landscape features. This study provides evidence for this by showing clear variation in flight-related traits across the species and lineage distribution range, as well as indications of isolation by distance and variation in flight-related traits according to climate, geography, and vegetation cover.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/finsc.2025.1532298/fullforewingheadgeometric morphometrysize and shape variationclimatic variablesgeographic variables |
| spellingShingle | Thaiane Verly Thaiane Verly Federico G. Fiad Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Ana Laura Carbajal-de-la-Fuente Sebastián Pita Romina V. Piccinali Romina V. Piccinali Patricia A. Lobbia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Paz Sánchez-Casaccia Antonieta Rojas de Arias María José Cavallo Gisel V. Gigena Claudia S. Rodríguez María C. Vega-Gómez Miriam Rolón Julieta Nattero Julieta Nattero Julieta Nattero Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery Frontiers in Insect Science forewing head geometric morphometry size and shape variation climatic variables geographic variables |
| title | Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery |
| title_full | Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery |
| title_fullStr | Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery |
| title_short | Bug off or bug out: mapping flight secrets of Triatoma garciabesi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) through climate, geography, and greenery |
| title_sort | bug off or bug out mapping flight secrets of triatoma garciabesi hemiptera reduviidae through climate geography and greenery |
| topic | forewing head geometric morphometry size and shape variation climatic variables geographic variables |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/finsc.2025.1532298/full |
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