The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States

AimTobacco smoke exposure and vitamin D (VD) status were both associated with insomnia. However, the combined effect of smoking and VD on insomnia has not been discussed. This study aimed to explore the role of VD in the association between tobacco smoke exposure and insomnia.MethodsData on adults w...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tianci Gao, Mengxing Hou, Qianfei Wang, Dong Liu, Fenqiao Chen, Yueyi Xing, Jianqiang Mei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-12-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1285494/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850232874180018176
author Tianci Gao
Tianci Gao
Mengxing Hou
Mengxing Hou
Qianfei Wang
Qianfei Wang
Dong Liu
Dong Liu
Fenqiao Chen
Yueyi Xing
Jianqiang Mei
Jianqiang Mei
author_facet Tianci Gao
Tianci Gao
Mengxing Hou
Mengxing Hou
Qianfei Wang
Qianfei Wang
Dong Liu
Dong Liu
Fenqiao Chen
Yueyi Xing
Jianqiang Mei
Jianqiang Mei
author_sort Tianci Gao
collection DOAJ
description AimTobacco smoke exposure and vitamin D (VD) status were both associated with insomnia. However, the combined effect of smoking and VD on insomnia has not been discussed. This study aimed to explore the role of VD in the association between tobacco smoke exposure and insomnia.MethodsData on adults were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2005–2008 for this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between serum cotinine, serum VD, and insomnia. A surface diagram was drawn to reflect the effect of VD on the association between serum cotinine and insomnia. In addition, the potential regulating effect of VD in subgroups of smoking status was also performed. The evaluation index was odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsAmong the eligible participants, 1,766 had insomnia. After adjusting for covariates, we found that elevated serum cotinine levels were associated with higher odds of insomnia [OR = 1.55, 95% CI: (1.22, 1.97)]. However, the relationship between serum VD level and insomnia was not significant (P = 0.553). Higher serum cotinine levels were also associated with higher odds of insomnia [OR = 1.52, 95% CI: (1.17, 1.98)] when serum VD level was <75 nmol/L; however, this relationship became non-significant when serum VD concentration was elevated (P = 0.088). Additionally, the potential regulating effect of VD was also found in adults who were not smoking.ConclusionVD may play a potential regulative role in the association between tobacco smoke exposure and insomnia. Further studies are needed to clarify the causal relationships between VD, tobacco smoke exposure, and insomnia.
format Article
id doaj-art-e4e3bfa7c762453abd188ce9b8140968
institution OA Journals
issn 2296-861X
language English
publishDate 2023-12-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Nutrition
spelling doaj-art-e4e3bfa7c762453abd188ce9b81409682025-08-20T02:03:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-12-011010.3389/fnut.2023.12854941285494The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United StatesTianci Gao0Tianci Gao1Mengxing Hou2Mengxing Hou3Qianfei Wang4Qianfei Wang5Dong Liu6Dong Liu7Fenqiao Chen8Yueyi Xing9Jianqiang Mei10Jianqiang Mei11Graduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaGraduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaGraduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaGraduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaGraduate School, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaDepartment of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, ChinaAimTobacco smoke exposure and vitamin D (VD) status were both associated with insomnia. However, the combined effect of smoking and VD on insomnia has not been discussed. This study aimed to explore the role of VD in the association between tobacco smoke exposure and insomnia.MethodsData on adults were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2005–2008 for this cross-sectional study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between serum cotinine, serum VD, and insomnia. A surface diagram was drawn to reflect the effect of VD on the association between serum cotinine and insomnia. In addition, the potential regulating effect of VD in subgroups of smoking status was also performed. The evaluation index was odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsAmong the eligible participants, 1,766 had insomnia. After adjusting for covariates, we found that elevated serum cotinine levels were associated with higher odds of insomnia [OR = 1.55, 95% CI: (1.22, 1.97)]. However, the relationship between serum VD level and insomnia was not significant (P = 0.553). Higher serum cotinine levels were also associated with higher odds of insomnia [OR = 1.52, 95% CI: (1.17, 1.98)] when serum VD level was <75 nmol/L; however, this relationship became non-significant when serum VD concentration was elevated (P = 0.088). Additionally, the potential regulating effect of VD was also found in adults who were not smoking.ConclusionVD may play a potential regulative role in the association between tobacco smoke exposure and insomnia. Further studies are needed to clarify the causal relationships between VD, tobacco smoke exposure, and insomnia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1285494/fullcotininevitamin Dinsomniaregulating effectNHANES
spellingShingle Tianci Gao
Tianci Gao
Mengxing Hou
Mengxing Hou
Qianfei Wang
Qianfei Wang
Dong Liu
Dong Liu
Fenqiao Chen
Yueyi Xing
Jianqiang Mei
Jianqiang Mei
The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
Frontiers in Nutrition
cotinine
vitamin D
insomnia
regulating effect
NHANES
title The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
title_full The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
title_fullStr The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
title_full_unstemmed The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
title_short The roles of serum vitamin D and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia: a cross-sectional study of adults in the United States
title_sort roles of serum vitamin d and tobacco smoke exposure in insomnia a cross sectional study of adults in the united states
topic cotinine
vitamin D
insomnia
regulating effect
NHANES
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1285494/full
work_keys_str_mv AT tiancigao therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT tiancigao therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT mengxinghou therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT mengxinghou therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT qianfeiwang therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT qianfeiwang therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT dongliu therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT dongliu therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT fenqiaochen therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT yueyixing therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT jianqiangmei therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT jianqiangmei therolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT tiancigao rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT tiancigao rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT mengxinghou rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT mengxinghou rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT qianfeiwang rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT qianfeiwang rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT dongliu rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT dongliu rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT fenqiaochen rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT yueyixing rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT jianqiangmei rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates
AT jianqiangmei rolesofserumvitamindandtobaccosmokeexposureininsomniaacrosssectionalstudyofadultsintheunitedstates