Clinical, neurophysiological and neurochemical effects of non-invasive electrical brain stimulation in fibromyalgia syndrome—a systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundFibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is linked to central sensitization and neuroplastic alterations that contribute to chronic pain, fatigue, cognitive, sleep, and affective disturbances. Conventional treatments offer limited benefit. Non-invasive transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), particu...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Christine Winterholler, Maria Helena Coura, Pedro Montoya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Pain Research
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpain.2025.1593746/full
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