A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses
Objectives To summarise the evidence about the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet on the management of type 2 diabetes and prediabetic states.Design A systematic review of all meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the Mediterranean diet with a control diet on the treatmen...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2015-08-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/8/e008222.full |
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| author | Demosthenes Panagiotakos Katherine Esposito Paolo Chiodini Maria Ida Maiorino Giuseppe Bellastella Dario Giugliano |
| author_facet | Demosthenes Panagiotakos Katherine Esposito Paolo Chiodini Maria Ida Maiorino Giuseppe Bellastella Dario Giugliano |
| author_sort | Demosthenes Panagiotakos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives To summarise the evidence about the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet on the management of type 2 diabetes and prediabetic states.Design A systematic review of all meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the Mediterranean diet with a control diet on the treatment of type 2 diabetes and prediabetic states was conducted. Electronic searches were carried out up to January 2015. Trials were included for meta-analyses if they had a control group treated with another diet, if they were of sufficient duration (at least 6 months), and if they had at least 30 participants in each arm. A random-effect model was used to pool data.Participants Adults with or at risk for type 2 diabetes.Interventions Dietary patterns that described themselves as using a ‘Mediterranean’ dietary pattern.Outcome measures The outcomes were glycaemic control, cardiovascular risk factors and remission from the metabolic syndrome.Results From 2824 studies, 8 meta-analyses and 5 RCTs were eligible. A ‘de novo’ meta-analysis of 3 long-term (>6 months) RCTs of the Mediterranean diet and glycaemic control of diabetes favoured the Mediterranean diet as compared with lower fat diets. Another ‘de novo’ meta-analysis of two long-term RCTs showed a 49% increased probability of remission from the metabolic syndrome. 5 meta-analyses showed a favourable effect of the Mediterranean diet, as compared with other diets, on body weight, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. 2 meta-analyses demonstrated that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet reduced the risk of future diabetes by 19–23%.Conclusions The Mediterranean diet was associated with better glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors than control diets, including a lower fat diet, suggesting that it is suitable for the overall management of type 2 diabetes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e3b36ba61387467495c89848706b515d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-e3b36ba61387467495c89848706b515d2025-02-01T21:25:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552015-08-015810.1136/bmjopen-2015-008222A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analysesDemosthenes Panagiotakos0Katherine Esposito1Paolo Chiodini2Maria Ida Maiorino3Giuseppe Bellastella4Dario Giugliano51 Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, GreeceDiabetes Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy2Universitiy of Campania ‘Luigi Vanvitelli’, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, ItalyObjectives To summarise the evidence about the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet on the management of type 2 diabetes and prediabetic states.Design A systematic review of all meta-analyses and randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the Mediterranean diet with a control diet on the treatment of type 2 diabetes and prediabetic states was conducted. Electronic searches were carried out up to January 2015. Trials were included for meta-analyses if they had a control group treated with another diet, if they were of sufficient duration (at least 6 months), and if they had at least 30 participants in each arm. A random-effect model was used to pool data.Participants Adults with or at risk for type 2 diabetes.Interventions Dietary patterns that described themselves as using a ‘Mediterranean’ dietary pattern.Outcome measures The outcomes were glycaemic control, cardiovascular risk factors and remission from the metabolic syndrome.Results From 2824 studies, 8 meta-analyses and 5 RCTs were eligible. A ‘de novo’ meta-analysis of 3 long-term (>6 months) RCTs of the Mediterranean diet and glycaemic control of diabetes favoured the Mediterranean diet as compared with lower fat diets. Another ‘de novo’ meta-analysis of two long-term RCTs showed a 49% increased probability of remission from the metabolic syndrome. 5 meta-analyses showed a favourable effect of the Mediterranean diet, as compared with other diets, on body weight, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. 2 meta-analyses demonstrated that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet reduced the risk of future diabetes by 19–23%.Conclusions The Mediterranean diet was associated with better glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors than control diets, including a lower fat diet, suggesting that it is suitable for the overall management of type 2 diabetes.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/8/e008222.full |
| spellingShingle | Demosthenes Panagiotakos Katherine Esposito Paolo Chiodini Maria Ida Maiorino Giuseppe Bellastella Dario Giugliano A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses BMJ Open |
| title | A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses |
| title_full | A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses |
| title_fullStr | A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses |
| title_short | A journey into a Mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses |
| title_sort | journey into a mediterranean diet and type 2 diabetes a systematic review with meta analyses |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/5/8/e008222.full |
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