Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a hematologic malignancy characterized by the overproduction of immature lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Accurate and timely diagnosis of ALL is crucial for effective management. This article introduces a novel multi-task advanced convolutional neural net...

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Main Authors: Sercan Yalcin, Zuhal Cetin Yalcin, Muhammed Yildirim, Bilal Alatas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2025-07-01
Series:PeerJ Computer Science
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Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/cs-3043.pdf
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author Sercan Yalcin
Zuhal Cetin Yalcin
Muhammed Yildirim
Bilal Alatas
author_facet Sercan Yalcin
Zuhal Cetin Yalcin
Muhammed Yildirim
Bilal Alatas
author_sort Sercan Yalcin
collection DOAJ
description Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a hematologic malignancy characterized by the overproduction of immature lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Accurate and timely diagnosis of ALL is crucial for effective management. This article introduces a novel multi-task advanced convolutional neural network (MTA-CNN) framework for ALL detection in medical imaging data by simultaneously performing, expression classification, and disease detection. The MTA-CNN is based on a deep learning architecture that can handle multiple tasks simultaneously, allowing it to learn more comprehensive and generalizable features. With, expression classification, and disease detection tasks, the MTA-CNN effectively leverages the complementary information from each task to improve overall performance. The proposed framework employs CNNs to extract informative features from medical images. These features capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of the data, which are essential for accurate ALL diagnosis. The cascaded structure of the MTA-CNN allows the model to learn features at different levels of abstraction, from low-level to high-level, enabling it to capture both fine-grained and coarse-grained information. To ensure the reliability of the detection results, non-maximum suppression is employed to eliminate redundant detections, focusing only on the most likely candidates. Additionally, the MTA-CNN’s ability to accurately localize key facial landmarks provides valuable information for further analysis, including identifying abnormal structures or changes in anatomical features associated with ALL. Experimental results on a comprehensive dataset of medical images demonstrate the superiority of the MTA-CNN over other learning methods. The proposed framework achieved an accuracy of 0.978, precision of 0.979, recall of 0.967, F1-score of 0.973, specificity of 0.991, Cohen’s kappa of 0.979, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.990. These metrics significantly outperform baseline models, highlighting the MTA-CNN’s ability to accurately identify and classify ALL cases. The MTA-CNN offers a promising approach for improving the efficiency and accuracy of ALL diagnosis.
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spelling doaj-art-e3810380daa64533ad67d671fbc52eec2025-08-20T03:35:47ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ Computer Science2376-59922025-07-0111e304310.7717/peerj-cs.3043Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentationSercan Yalcin0Zuhal Cetin Yalcin1Muhammed Yildirim2Bilal Alatas3Computer Engineering, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, TurkeySoftware Development Branch Directorate, General Directorate of Forestry, Ankara, TurkeyComputer Engineering, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya, TurkeySoftware Engineering, Firat (Euphrates) University, Elazig, TurkeyAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a hematologic malignancy characterized by the overproduction of immature lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. Accurate and timely diagnosis of ALL is crucial for effective management. This article introduces a novel multi-task advanced convolutional neural network (MTA-CNN) framework for ALL detection in medical imaging data by simultaneously performing, expression classification, and disease detection. The MTA-CNN is based on a deep learning architecture that can handle multiple tasks simultaneously, allowing it to learn more comprehensive and generalizable features. With, expression classification, and disease detection tasks, the MTA-CNN effectively leverages the complementary information from each task to improve overall performance. The proposed framework employs CNNs to extract informative features from medical images. These features capture the spatial and temporal characteristics of the data, which are essential for accurate ALL diagnosis. The cascaded structure of the MTA-CNN allows the model to learn features at different levels of abstraction, from low-level to high-level, enabling it to capture both fine-grained and coarse-grained information. To ensure the reliability of the detection results, non-maximum suppression is employed to eliminate redundant detections, focusing only on the most likely candidates. Additionally, the MTA-CNN’s ability to accurately localize key facial landmarks provides valuable information for further analysis, including identifying abnormal structures or changes in anatomical features associated with ALL. Experimental results on a comprehensive dataset of medical images demonstrate the superiority of the MTA-CNN over other learning methods. The proposed framework achieved an accuracy of 0.978, precision of 0.979, recall of 0.967, F1-score of 0.973, specificity of 0.991, Cohen’s kappa of 0.979, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 0.990. These metrics significantly outperform baseline models, highlighting the MTA-CNN’s ability to accurately identify and classify ALL cases. The MTA-CNN offers a promising approach for improving the efficiency and accuracy of ALL diagnosis.https://peerj.com/articles/cs-3043.pdfArtificial intelligenceConvolutional neural networksDeep learningLymphoblastic leukemia
spellingShingle Sercan Yalcin
Zuhal Cetin Yalcin
Muhammed Yildirim
Bilal Alatas
Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation
PeerJ Computer Science
Artificial intelligence
Convolutional neural networks
Deep learning
Lymphoblastic leukemia
title Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation
title_full Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation
title_fullStr Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation
title_full_unstemmed Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation
title_short Multi-task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis, classification, and segmentation
title_sort multi task advanced convolutional neural network for robust lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis classification and segmentation
topic Artificial intelligence
Convolutional neural networks
Deep learning
Lymphoblastic leukemia
url https://peerj.com/articles/cs-3043.pdf
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AT muhammedyildirim multitaskadvancedconvolutionalneuralnetworkforrobustlymphoblasticleukemiadiagnosisclassificationandsegmentation
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