A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous hematological neoplasms which lead to dysplasia, cytopenia and hematopoiesis. They have a risk of transforming into Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in some cases. Genetic markers that are determined by cytogenetics, SNP-A karyotyping and molecular mut...

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Main Authors: Shamail Zia, Brenda Ly, Alma Sanchez Salazar, Bridget Herschap, Aamir Ehsan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College 2025-04-01
Series:Journal of Liaquat National Hospital
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Online Access:https://journals.lnh.edu.pk/jlnh/pdf/d0409c9d-c88f-40e8-9265-c5e3334d6213.pdf
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author Shamail Zia
Brenda Ly
Alma Sanchez Salazar
Bridget Herschap
Aamir Ehsan
author_facet Shamail Zia
Brenda Ly
Alma Sanchez Salazar
Bridget Herschap
Aamir Ehsan
author_sort Shamail Zia
collection DOAJ
description Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous hematological neoplasms which lead to dysplasia, cytopenia and hematopoiesis. They have a risk of transforming into Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in some cases. Genetic markers that are determined by cytogenetics, SNP-A karyotyping and molecular mutations have evolved to define conditions of pathogenesis and risk evaluation for the development of AML. Among the concerned are the mutations of the spliceosome (SF3B1, SRSF2, ZRSR2 and U2AF1) epigenetic mutations (DNMT3A, EZH2) and also mutations in transcription factors (RUNX1) and tyrosine kinases (N-RAS, K-RAS). Here, we report a case of an 80-year-old female patient presented for the evaluation of myeloma. A morphology report shows changes that suggest multiple myeloma. Lab data shows anemia, elevated creatinine and calcium; CBC revealed mild neutrophilic leukocytosis and microcytic anemia. Bone marrow demonstrated approximately 50-60% involvement by a plasma cell infiltrate; there was mild dysgranulopoiesis and dyserythropoiesis which are suggestive of plasma cell myeloma. Frequent mutations in MDS and overlap syndromes were discovered due to advances in genomic studies. The differential diagnosis of MDS is challenging because they overlap the disorders sharing features of other illnesses. It is expected that more research on MDS and overlapping disorders will highlight the roles of mutations as “therapeutic targets” and “prognostic indicators”
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spelling doaj-art-e343f4cf4aa94e8eb874be48c6543edd2025-08-20T03:00:51ZengLiaquat National Hospital and Medical CollegeJournal of Liaquat National Hospital2959-18052960-29632025-04-0131586310.37184/jlnh.2959-1805.2.30A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring SideroblastsShamail Zia0Brenda Ly1Alma Sanchez Salazar2Bridget Herschap3Aamir Ehsan4Department of Pathology, CorePath Laboratories, San Antonio, TX, USADepartment of Pathology, CorePath Laboratories, San Antonio, TX, USADepartment of Pathology, CorePath Laboratories, San Antonio, TX, USADepartment of Pathology, CorePath Laboratories, San Antonio, TX, USADepartment of Pathology, CorePath Laboratories, San Antonio, TX, USAMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are heterogeneous hematological neoplasms which lead to dysplasia, cytopenia and hematopoiesis. They have a risk of transforming into Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in some cases. Genetic markers that are determined by cytogenetics, SNP-A karyotyping and molecular mutations have evolved to define conditions of pathogenesis and risk evaluation for the development of AML. Among the concerned are the mutations of the spliceosome (SF3B1, SRSF2, ZRSR2 and U2AF1) epigenetic mutations (DNMT3A, EZH2) and also mutations in transcription factors (RUNX1) and tyrosine kinases (N-RAS, K-RAS). Here, we report a case of an 80-year-old female patient presented for the evaluation of myeloma. A morphology report shows changes that suggest multiple myeloma. Lab data shows anemia, elevated creatinine and calcium; CBC revealed mild neutrophilic leukocytosis and microcytic anemia. Bone marrow demonstrated approximately 50-60% involvement by a plasma cell infiltrate; there was mild dysgranulopoiesis and dyserythropoiesis which are suggestive of plasma cell myeloma. Frequent mutations in MDS and overlap syndromes were discovered due to advances in genomic studies. The differential diagnosis of MDS is challenging because they overlap the disorders sharing features of other illnesses. It is expected that more research on MDS and overlapping disorders will highlight the roles of mutations as “therapeutic targets” and “prognostic indicators”https://journals.lnh.edu.pk/jlnh/pdf/d0409c9d-c88f-40e8-9265-c5e3334d6213.pdfmyelodysplastic syndromesf3b1molecular mutationsdyserythropoiesisplasma cell myeloma
spellingShingle Shamail Zia
Brenda Ly
Alma Sanchez Salazar
Bridget Herschap
Aamir Ehsan
A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts
Journal of Liaquat National Hospital
myelodysplastic syndrome
sf3b1
molecular mutations
dyserythropoiesis
plasma cell myeloma
title A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts
title_full A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts
title_fullStr A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts
title_full_unstemmed A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts
title_short A Rare Case of Plasma Cell Myeloma, Myelodysplastic Neoplasm with Low Blast and SF3B1 Mutation and Dyserythropoiesis with Ring Sideroblasts
title_sort rare case of plasma cell myeloma myelodysplastic neoplasm with low blast and sf3b1 mutation and dyserythropoiesis with ring sideroblasts
topic myelodysplastic syndrome
sf3b1
molecular mutations
dyserythropoiesis
plasma cell myeloma
url https://journals.lnh.edu.pk/jlnh/pdf/d0409c9d-c88f-40e8-9265-c5e3334d6213.pdf
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