Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation
Microalgae offer a promising alternative for heavy metal removal, and the search for highly efficient strains is ongoing. This study investigated the potential of two microalgae, <i>Coelastrella</i> sp. BGV (Chlorophyta) and <i>Arthronema africanum</i> Schwabe & Simonsen...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Zornitsa Karcheva Zhaneta Georgieva Svetoslav Anev Detelina Petrova Momchil Paunov Miroslava Zhiponova Ganka Chaneva |
| author_facet | Zornitsa Karcheva Zhaneta Georgieva Svetoslav Anev Detelina Petrova Momchil Paunov Miroslava Zhiponova Ganka Chaneva |
| author_sort | Zornitsa Karcheva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microalgae offer a promising alternative for heavy metal removal, and the search for highly efficient strains is ongoing. This study investigated the potential of two microalgae, <i>Coelastrella</i> sp. BGV (Chlorophyta) and <i>Arthronema africanum</i> Schwabe & Simonsen (Cyanoprokaryota), to bind zinc ions (Zn<sup>2</sup>⁺) and protect higher plants. Hydroponically grown pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) seedlings were subjected to ZnSO<sub>4</sub> treatment for 7 days in either a nutrient medium (Knop) or a microalgal suspension. The effects of increasing Zn<sup>2</sup>⁺ concentrations were evaluated through solution parameters, microalgal dry weight, pea growth (height, biomass), and physiological parameters, including leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Zinc accumulation in microalgal and plant biomass was also analyzed. The results revealed that microalgae increased pH and oxygen levels in the hydroponic medium while enhancing Zn accumulation in pea roots. At low ZnSO<sub>4</sub> concentrations (2–5 mM), microalgal suspensions stimulated pea growth and photosynthetic performance. However, higher ZnSO<sub>4</sub> levels (10–15 mM) caused Zn accumulation, leading to nutrient deficiencies and growth suppression in microalgae, which ultimately led to physiological disturbances in peas. <i>Coelastrella</i> sp. BGV exhibited greater tolerance to Zn stress and provided a stronger protective effect when co-cultivated with peas, highlighting its potential for phycoremediation applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e33a9c2d166e493b8108003626c5ca0e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-e33a9c2d166e493b8108003626c5ca0e2025-01-24T13:46:47ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114221510.3390/plants14020215Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by PhycoremediationZornitsa Karcheva0Zhaneta Georgieva1Svetoslav Anev2Detelina Petrova3Momchil Paunov4Miroslava Zhiponova5Ganka Chaneva6Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov Bul., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov Bul., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment Dendrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Forestry, 10 Sveti Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov Bul., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 1164 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov Bul., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov Bul., 1164 Sofia, BulgariaMicroalgae offer a promising alternative for heavy metal removal, and the search for highly efficient strains is ongoing. This study investigated the potential of two microalgae, <i>Coelastrella</i> sp. BGV (Chlorophyta) and <i>Arthronema africanum</i> Schwabe & Simonsen (Cyanoprokaryota), to bind zinc ions (Zn<sup>2</sup>⁺) and protect higher plants. Hydroponically grown pea (<i>Pisum sativum</i> L.) seedlings were subjected to ZnSO<sub>4</sub> treatment for 7 days in either a nutrient medium (Knop) or a microalgal suspension. The effects of increasing Zn<sup>2</sup>⁺ concentrations were evaluated through solution parameters, microalgal dry weight, pea growth (height, biomass), and physiological parameters, including leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Zinc accumulation in microalgal and plant biomass was also analyzed. The results revealed that microalgae increased pH and oxygen levels in the hydroponic medium while enhancing Zn accumulation in pea roots. At low ZnSO<sub>4</sub> concentrations (2–5 mM), microalgal suspensions stimulated pea growth and photosynthetic performance. However, higher ZnSO<sub>4</sub> levels (10–15 mM) caused Zn accumulation, leading to nutrient deficiencies and growth suppression in microalgae, which ultimately led to physiological disturbances in peas. <i>Coelastrella</i> sp. BGV exhibited greater tolerance to Zn stress and provided a stronger protective effect when co-cultivated with peas, highlighting its potential for phycoremediation applications.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/215bioaccumulationheavy metalsmicroalgaepea |
| spellingShingle | Zornitsa Karcheva Zhaneta Georgieva Svetoslav Anev Detelina Petrova Momchil Paunov Miroslava Zhiponova Ganka Chaneva Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation Plants bioaccumulation heavy metals microalgae pea |
| title | Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation |
| title_full | Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation |
| title_fullStr | Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation |
| title_short | Modulation of Zn Ion Toxicity in <i>Pisum sativum</i> L. by Phycoremediation |
| title_sort | modulation of zn ion toxicity in i pisum sativum i l by phycoremediation |
| topic | bioaccumulation heavy metals microalgae pea |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/215 |
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