Kola Peninsula Neolithic
The archaeology of the Kola Peninsula is related to the archaeology of neighboring regions. The Early Neolithic (~5.3–4 millennia BC) is characterized by the Säräisniemi 1 ceramics of the two Varzina and Chavanga variants and the Pit-Comb, bifacial stone working technique, as well as the grinding an...
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State institution «Tatarstan Аcademy of Sciences»
2024-08-01
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| Series: | Археология евразийских степей |
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| Online Access: | https://evrazstep.ru/index.php/aes/article/view/1345 |
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| author | Evgeniy M. Kolpakov Alevtina M. Kiseleva Anton I. Murashkin Vladimir Ya. Shumkin |
| author_facet | Evgeniy M. Kolpakov Alevtina M. Kiseleva Anton I. Murashkin Vladimir Ya. Shumkin |
| author_sort | Evgeniy M. Kolpakov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The archaeology of the Kola Peninsula is related to the archaeology of neighboring regions. The Early Neolithic (~5.3–4 millennia BC) is characterized by the Säräisniemi 1 ceramics of the two Varzina and Chavanga variants and the Pit-Comb, bifacial stone working technique, as well as the grinding and sawing technique for making slate tools. The stone inventory includes leaf-shaped and rhombic-shaped tanged points, leaf-shaped and angle knives, axes and adzes. In the Early Neolithic the asymmetrical points, flake axes (resembling cleavers), backed types and blade tools characteristic for the local Mesolithic disappeared. The Middle Neolithic (~4–2.5 millennia BC) has a significantly smaller number of sites where ceramic vessels were found. This period includes solitary finds of fragments of Rhomb-pit pottery in the central and southern regions of the peninsula, as well as fragments or several Zalavruga-typed vessels (porous comb pottery). Many types of stone tools that appeared in the Early Neolithic continued to exist until the beginning of the Bronze Age. Projectile points of the Nyelv/Pyhensilta type can be considered characteristic of the Middle Neolithic. The Late Neolithic (~2.5–1.9 millennia BC) begins with the appearance of the Gresbakken culture. Structurally complicated dwellings, recessed up to 1 m deep, became common. Most of the finds, made of bone, horn and stone, belong to this culture. Pottery belongs to the asbestos ceramics of the Palayguba type; points of the Sunderoy type appear. At the very end of the Late Neolithic, asbestos ceramics of the Lovozero and Pasvik types appear. Rock art of the Kola Peninsula mainly dates back to the Neolithic. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e2ef78ed3dd84195bbe580d40fd132bd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2587-6112 2618-9488 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | State institution «Tatarstan Аcademy of Sciences» |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Археология евразийских степей |
| spelling | doaj-art-e2ef78ed3dd84195bbe580d40fd132bd2025-01-25T12:13:37ZengState institution «Tatarstan Аcademy of Sciences»Археология евразийских степей2587-61122618-94882024-08-01411612810.24852/2587-6112.2024.4.116.128Kola Peninsula NeolithicEvgeniy M. Kolpakov0Alevtina M. Kiseleva1Anton I. Murashkin2Vladimir Ya. Shumkin3Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya embankment, St. Petersburg, 191186, Russian FederationInstitute of the History for Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya embankment, St. Petersburg, 191186, Russian FederationInstitute of the History for Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya embankment, St. Petersburg, 191186, Russian FederationInstitute of the History for Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Dvortsovaya embankment, St. Petersburg, 191186, Russian FederationThe archaeology of the Kola Peninsula is related to the archaeology of neighboring regions. The Early Neolithic (~5.3–4 millennia BC) is characterized by the Säräisniemi 1 ceramics of the two Varzina and Chavanga variants and the Pit-Comb, bifacial stone working technique, as well as the grinding and sawing technique for making slate tools. The stone inventory includes leaf-shaped and rhombic-shaped tanged points, leaf-shaped and angle knives, axes and adzes. In the Early Neolithic the asymmetrical points, flake axes (resembling cleavers), backed types and blade tools characteristic for the local Mesolithic disappeared. The Middle Neolithic (~4–2.5 millennia BC) has a significantly smaller number of sites where ceramic vessels were found. This period includes solitary finds of fragments of Rhomb-pit pottery in the central and southern regions of the peninsula, as well as fragments or several Zalavruga-typed vessels (porous comb pottery). Many types of stone tools that appeared in the Early Neolithic continued to exist until the beginning of the Bronze Age. Projectile points of the Nyelv/Pyhensilta type can be considered characteristic of the Middle Neolithic. The Late Neolithic (~2.5–1.9 millennia BC) begins with the appearance of the Gresbakken culture. Structurally complicated dwellings, recessed up to 1 m deep, became common. Most of the finds, made of bone, horn and stone, belong to this culture. Pottery belongs to the asbestos ceramics of the Palayguba type; points of the Sunderoy type appear. At the very end of the Late Neolithic, asbestos ceramics of the Lovozero and Pasvik types appear. Rock art of the Kola Peninsula mainly dates back to the Neolithic.https://evrazstep.ru/index.php/aes/article/view/1345archaeologykola peninsulaneolithicbronze agepotterytypesäräisniemivarzinachavangagressbakkenpalaygubalovozeropetroglyphs |
| spellingShingle | Evgeniy M. Kolpakov Alevtina M. Kiseleva Anton I. Murashkin Vladimir Ya. Shumkin Kola Peninsula Neolithic Археология евразийских степей archaeology kola peninsula neolithic bronze age pottery type säräisniemi varzina chavanga gressbakken palayguba lovozero petroglyphs |
| title | Kola Peninsula Neolithic |
| title_full | Kola Peninsula Neolithic |
| title_fullStr | Kola Peninsula Neolithic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kola Peninsula Neolithic |
| title_short | Kola Peninsula Neolithic |
| title_sort | kola peninsula neolithic |
| topic | archaeology kola peninsula neolithic bronze age pottery type säräisniemi varzina chavanga gressbakken palayguba lovozero petroglyphs |
| url | https://evrazstep.ru/index.php/aes/article/view/1345 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT evgeniymkolpakov kolapeninsulaneolithic AT alevtinamkiseleva kolapeninsulaneolithic AT antonimurashkin kolapeninsulaneolithic AT vladimiryashumkin kolapeninsulaneolithic |