Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction
The ammonia loss through Nalophan bags has been studied. The losses observed for storage conditions and times as allowed by the reference standard for dynamic olfactometry (EN 13725:2003) indicate that odour concentration values due to the presence of small molecules may be significantly underestima...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2014-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/214190 |
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| author | Selena Sironi Lidia Eusebio Laura Capelli Emanuela Boiardi Renato Del Rosso |
| author_facet | Selena Sironi Lidia Eusebio Laura Capelli Emanuela Boiardi Renato Del Rosso |
| author_sort | Selena Sironi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The ammonia loss through Nalophan bags has been studied. The losses observed for storage conditions and times as allowed by the reference standard for dynamic olfactometry (EN 13725:2003) indicate that odour concentration values due to the presence of small molecules may be significantly underestimated if samples are not analysed immediately after sampling. A diffusion model was used in order to study diffusion through the bag. The study discusses the effect of concentration gradient (ΔC) across the polymeric membrane of the analyte. The ΔC was controlled by using a setup bag called “double bags.” Experimental data show a reduction of ammonia percentage losses due to the effect of the external multibarrier. The expedient of the double bag loaded with the same gas mixture allows a reduced diffusion of ammonia into the inner bag. Comparing the inner bag losses with those of the single bag stored in the same conditions (T, P, u) and with equal geometrical characteristics (S/V, z), it was observed that the inner bag of the double bag displays a 16% loss while the single bag displays a 37% loss. Acting on the ΔC it is possible to achieve a gross reduction of 57% in the ammonia leakage due to diffusion. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e2bc67e02d64475f936d2b64b92a708c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2356-6140 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-e2bc67e02d64475f936d2b64b92a708c2025-02-03T06:06:57ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal2356-61401537-744X2014-01-01201410.1155/2014/214190214190Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient ReductionSelena Sironi0Lidia Eusebio1Laura Capelli2Emanuela Boiardi3Renato Del Rosso4Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyDepartment of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, ItalyThe ammonia loss through Nalophan bags has been studied. The losses observed for storage conditions and times as allowed by the reference standard for dynamic olfactometry (EN 13725:2003) indicate that odour concentration values due to the presence of small molecules may be significantly underestimated if samples are not analysed immediately after sampling. A diffusion model was used in order to study diffusion through the bag. The study discusses the effect of concentration gradient (ΔC) across the polymeric membrane of the analyte. The ΔC was controlled by using a setup bag called “double bags.” Experimental data show a reduction of ammonia percentage losses due to the effect of the external multibarrier. The expedient of the double bag loaded with the same gas mixture allows a reduced diffusion of ammonia into the inner bag. Comparing the inner bag losses with those of the single bag stored in the same conditions (T, P, u) and with equal geometrical characteristics (S/V, z), it was observed that the inner bag of the double bag displays a 16% loss while the single bag displays a 37% loss. Acting on the ΔC it is possible to achieve a gross reduction of 57% in the ammonia leakage due to diffusion.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/214190 |
| spellingShingle | Selena Sironi Lidia Eusebio Laura Capelli Emanuela Boiardi Renato Del Rosso Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction The Scientific World Journal |
| title | Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction |
| title_full | Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction |
| title_fullStr | Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction |
| title_short | Ammonia Diffusion through Nalophan Double Bags: Effect of Concentration Gradient Reduction |
| title_sort | ammonia diffusion through nalophan double bags effect of concentration gradient reduction |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/214190 |
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