The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children
IntroductionUltrasonography is fundamental method of diagnosing focal thyroid lesions. The additional element of ultrasound examination is Strain Elastography which allows for determining the degree of elasticity of the nodule while comparing it to the surrounding thyroid parenchyma. Pediatric thyro...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-11-01
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| author | Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk Dominika Januś Dominika Januś Marcin Maślanka Marcin Maślanka Joanna Godlewska Joanna Godlewska Monika Kujdowicz Monika Kujdowicz Michał Wiłkojć Wojciech Górecki Wojciech Górecki |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk Dominika Januś Dominika Januś Marcin Maślanka Marcin Maślanka Joanna Godlewska Joanna Godlewska Monika Kujdowicz Monika Kujdowicz Michał Wiłkojć Wojciech Górecki Wojciech Górecki |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionUltrasonography is fundamental method of diagnosing focal thyroid lesions. The additional element of ultrasound examination is Strain Elastography which allows for determining the degree of elasticity of the nodule while comparing it to the surrounding thyroid parenchyma. Pediatric thyroid nodules have a higher malignancy risk than in adults, warranting the consideration of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in children.Material and methodsA prospective data analysis of children with focal thyroid lesions treated from 2021 to 2022 was performed. The patients underwent ultrasound and elastography examinations to obtain the Strain Ratio (SR) of the nodules and were qualified for FNAB. SR was determined by the windowing method of relative strains in a semi-quantitative assessment. The FNAB score was determined on the Bethesda scale and the histological examination of the thyroid nodule was performed. The SR values were stratified in three groups: I - thyroid cancer, II - low-risk thyroid tumors, and III - benign lesion. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to find the relation between the value of SR elastography and the malignancy, with the p value < 0.05 considered significant. The data were analyzed using the multiple comparisons test.ResultsThe 123 FNABs were performed in 100 patients. The final analysis included 119 nodules in 96 patients. In 19 cases, the nodule was malignant, in 5 cases they were low-risk tumors, and in 95 - benign lesions. A difference of the SR value between groups in the pairs of malignant and benign tumors, and malignant and low-risk tumors was revealed. Since no statistically significant difference in the level of elastography was found between benign and low-risk tumors, both groups were combined and formed a group of benign tumors. For the combined groups, the Man-Whitney test was performed, confirming that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups of malignant and benign tumors in the value of SR elastography. The cut-off point for SR for malignant tumors was >3.ConclusionsThe SR index of elastography is significantly higher in malignant nodules. and might be used to select changes with an increased risk of malignancy in thyroid ultrasound of children. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e2a30f12b5ec46dbb773c73cc5d94d20 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e2a30f12b5ec46dbb773c73cc5d94d202024-11-15T04:36:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922024-11-011510.3389/fendo.2024.14610311461031The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in childrenAleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć0Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć1Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk2Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk3Dominika Januś4Dominika Januś5Marcin Maślanka6Marcin Maślanka7Joanna Godlewska8Joanna Godlewska9Monika Kujdowicz10Monika Kujdowicz11Michał Wiłkojć12Wojciech Górecki13Wojciech Górecki14Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, University Children’s Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pathology, University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine, National Research Institute, Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, PolandDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, PolandIntroductionUltrasonography is fundamental method of diagnosing focal thyroid lesions. The additional element of ultrasound examination is Strain Elastography which allows for determining the degree of elasticity of the nodule while comparing it to the surrounding thyroid parenchyma. Pediatric thyroid nodules have a higher malignancy risk than in adults, warranting the consideration of fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in children.Material and methodsA prospective data analysis of children with focal thyroid lesions treated from 2021 to 2022 was performed. The patients underwent ultrasound and elastography examinations to obtain the Strain Ratio (SR) of the nodules and were qualified for FNAB. SR was determined by the windowing method of relative strains in a semi-quantitative assessment. The FNAB score was determined on the Bethesda scale and the histological examination of the thyroid nodule was performed. The SR values were stratified in three groups: I - thyroid cancer, II - low-risk thyroid tumors, and III - benign lesion. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to find the relation between the value of SR elastography and the malignancy, with the p value < 0.05 considered significant. The data were analyzed using the multiple comparisons test.ResultsThe 123 FNABs were performed in 100 patients. The final analysis included 119 nodules in 96 patients. In 19 cases, the nodule was malignant, in 5 cases they were low-risk tumors, and in 95 - benign lesions. A difference of the SR value between groups in the pairs of malignant and benign tumors, and malignant and low-risk tumors was revealed. Since no statistically significant difference in the level of elastography was found between benign and low-risk tumors, both groups were combined and formed a group of benign tumors. For the combined groups, the Man-Whitney test was performed, confirming that there was a statistically significant difference between the groups of malignant and benign tumors in the value of SR elastography. The cut-off point for SR for malignant tumors was >3.ConclusionsThe SR index of elastography is significantly higher in malignant nodules. and might be used to select changes with an increased risk of malignancy in thyroid ultrasound of children.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1461031/fullultrasonographythyroid nodulestrain elastographyEU-TIRADSthyroid cancer |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć Aleksandra Kiszka-Wiłkojć Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk Anna Taczanowska-Niemczuk Dominika Januś Dominika Januś Marcin Maślanka Marcin Maślanka Joanna Godlewska Joanna Godlewska Monika Kujdowicz Monika Kujdowicz Michał Wiłkojć Wojciech Górecki Wojciech Górecki The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children Frontiers in Endocrinology ultrasonography thyroid nodule strain elastography EU-TIRADS thyroid cancer |
| title | The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children |
| title_full | The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children |
| title_fullStr | The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children |
| title_short | The role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children |
| title_sort | role of elastography in determining the risk of malignant thyroid nodules in children |
| topic | ultrasonography thyroid nodule strain elastography EU-TIRADS thyroid cancer |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2024.1461031/full |
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