Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco

Monitoring <i>Campylobacter</i> and antimicrobial resistance is critical, as its presence in the food chain, particularly in poultry, represents a serious threat to public health. However, despite its significant impact, this bacterium remains largely underestimated and under-surveilled...

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Main Authors: Zineb Soubai, Nadia Ziyate, Sami Darkaoui, Rim Rais, Siham Fellahi, Benaissa Attarassi, Nabila Auajjar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Poultry
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1164/4/2/23
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author Zineb Soubai
Nadia Ziyate
Sami Darkaoui
Rim Rais
Siham Fellahi
Benaissa Attarassi
Nabila Auajjar
author_facet Zineb Soubai
Nadia Ziyate
Sami Darkaoui
Rim Rais
Siham Fellahi
Benaissa Attarassi
Nabila Auajjar
author_sort Zineb Soubai
collection DOAJ
description Monitoring <i>Campylobacter</i> and antimicrobial resistance is critical, as its presence in the food chain, particularly in poultry, represents a serious threat to public health. However, despite its significant impact, this bacterium remains largely underestimated and under-surveilled in many countries, including Morocco. The current study aims to understand the occurrence of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. in different poultry production systems, highlighting the importance of continuously monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility in these bacteria. For this purpose, 300 poultry samples were collected from a slaughterhouse and 254 from traditional markets in the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region. The research on <i>Campylobacter</i> was performed according to the standard ISO10272-1(2017), and the confirmation of <i>Campylobacter</i> species was carried out using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Additionally, the disk diffusion method was employed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility, and conventional PCR was utilized to detect the presence of the <i>tet(O)</i> gene in tetracycline-resistant strains. Out of 554 samples collected, 159 (28.7%) tested positive for <i>Campylobacter</i>, of which 84% were identified as <i>Campylobacter coli</i> and 16% as <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>. Moreover, the results revealed a notably higher detection of <i>Campylobacter</i> in traditional markets (41.33%) than in slaughterhouses (19.85%). Additionally, it was more prevalent in chicken samples (35.37%) than in turkey samples (22.02%). <i>Campylobacter</i> resistance to antimicrobials revealed a resistance rate of 99% to ciprofloxacin, 73% to ampicillin, 82% to tetracycline, 29% to erythromycin, and 0% to gentamicin, as well as to the association of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Among the strains with a phenotypic resistance profile to tetracycline, 80% carried the <i>tet(O)</i> gene. The results provide an overview of the current state of antibiotic resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> in Morocco. They underline the urgent need for the prudent use of antimicrobials and may encourage further research into the development of new antimicrobial agents. They also highlight the importance of raising awareness of the risk of carcass contamination
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series Poultry
spelling doaj-art-e251b2bd0adc47bb9f5f478c93b4e4092025-08-20T03:16:36ZengMDPI AGPoultry2674-11642025-05-01422310.3390/poultry4020023Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in MoroccoZineb Soubai0Nadia Ziyate1Sami Darkaoui2Rim Rais3Siham Fellahi4Benaissa Attarassi5Nabila Auajjar6Laboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences of Kénitra, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra 14000, MoroccoDivision of Pharmacy and Veterinary Inputs, National Office for Food Safety (ONSSA), Rabat 10050, MoroccoDivision of Pharmacy and Veterinary Inputs, National Office for Food Safety (ONSSA), Rabat 10050, MoroccoLaboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10106, MoroccoAvian Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology and Veterinary Public Health, Hassan II Agronomic and Veterinary Institute, Rabat 10000, MoroccoLaboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences of Kénitra, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra 14000, MoroccoLaboratory of Biology and Health, Faculty of Sciences of Kénitra, Ibn Tofail University, Kénitra 14000, MoroccoMonitoring <i>Campylobacter</i> and antimicrobial resistance is critical, as its presence in the food chain, particularly in poultry, represents a serious threat to public health. However, despite its significant impact, this bacterium remains largely underestimated and under-surveilled in many countries, including Morocco. The current study aims to understand the occurrence of <i>Campylobacter</i> spp. in different poultry production systems, highlighting the importance of continuously monitoring antimicrobial susceptibility in these bacteria. For this purpose, 300 poultry samples were collected from a slaughterhouse and 254 from traditional markets in the Rabat-Salé-Kénitra region. The research on <i>Campylobacter</i> was performed according to the standard ISO10272-1(2017), and the confirmation of <i>Campylobacter</i> species was carried out using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Additionally, the disk diffusion method was employed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility, and conventional PCR was utilized to detect the presence of the <i>tet(O)</i> gene in tetracycline-resistant strains. Out of 554 samples collected, 159 (28.7%) tested positive for <i>Campylobacter</i>, of which 84% were identified as <i>Campylobacter coli</i> and 16% as <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>. Moreover, the results revealed a notably higher detection of <i>Campylobacter</i> in traditional markets (41.33%) than in slaughterhouses (19.85%). Additionally, it was more prevalent in chicken samples (35.37%) than in turkey samples (22.02%). <i>Campylobacter</i> resistance to antimicrobials revealed a resistance rate of 99% to ciprofloxacin, 73% to ampicillin, 82% to tetracycline, 29% to erythromycin, and 0% to gentamicin, as well as to the association of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Among the strains with a phenotypic resistance profile to tetracycline, 80% carried the <i>tet(O)</i> gene. The results provide an overview of the current state of antibiotic resistance in <i>Campylobacter</i> in Morocco. They underline the urgent need for the prudent use of antimicrobials and may encourage further research into the development of new antimicrobial agents. They also highlight the importance of raising awareness of the risk of carcass contaminationhttps://www.mdpi.com/2674-1164/4/2/23poultry<i>Campylobacter</i> spp.antimicrobial resistanceMALDI-TOF MSslaughterhousetraditional market
spellingShingle Zineb Soubai
Nadia Ziyate
Sami Darkaoui
Rim Rais
Siham Fellahi
Benaissa Attarassi
Nabila Auajjar
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco
Poultry
poultry
<i>Campylobacter</i> spp.
antimicrobial resistance
MALDI-TOF MS
slaughterhouse
traditional market
title Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco
title_full Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco
title_fullStr Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco
title_short Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> Isolated from Processed Chickens and Turkeys in Morocco
title_sort antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of i campylobacter jejuni i and i campylobacter coli i isolated from processed chickens and turkeys in morocco
topic poultry
<i>Campylobacter</i> spp.
antimicrobial resistance
MALDI-TOF MS
slaughterhouse
traditional market
url https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1164/4/2/23
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