Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort
Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. This study examined the prevalence of cervical cancer and associated factors among patients in a tertiary health facility in Edo state in Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional survey design was a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/abhs.abhs_55_24 |
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| author | Timothy Aghogho Ehwarieme Christiana I. Elusoji Christie A. Enuku |
| author_facet | Timothy Aghogho Ehwarieme Christiana I. Elusoji Christie A. Enuku |
| author_sort | Timothy Aghogho Ehwarieme |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. This study examined the prevalence of cervical cancer and associated factors among patients in a tertiary health facility in Edo state in Nigeria.
Methods:
A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted including 3654 female patients who visited the oncology unit between 2016 and 2021. Their clinical files were selected through purposive sampling, and a validated checklist was used as instrument for data collection. Data analyses included descriptive and inferential statistics and multiple logistics regression.
Results:
Cervical cancer prevalence was highest in 2021 (10.8%). Oral contraceptives (23.8%), immunosuppression (19.3%), the number of sexual partners (8.3%), lack of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination (18.8%), diabetes (13.3%), and cardiovascular diseases (9.4%) were among the factors associated cervical cancer. A significant association (P = 0.000) was observed between risk factors and the clinical outcomes of cervical cancer. Women aged 30–59 were 25% more likely (odds ratio [OR] =1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55–2.86) to survive compared to those aged 60 and above. Women with only secondary education were also less likely (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.21–0.99) to survive compared to those with tertiary education. Finally, multiparous women were less likely to survive compared to nulliparous women (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.005–1.79).
Conclusion:
These results underscore the rising prevalence of cervical cancer and its association with age, supporting advocacy for increased HPV vaccination efforts targeting young girls before sexual maturity, as well as catchup vaccinations for high-risk older women. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e24fa96f89e74cee8ceeb4e5ae8824e3 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2773-1545 2773-1553 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-e24fa96f89e74cee8ceeb4e5ae8824e32025-08-20T01:47:33ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAdvances in Biomedical and Health Sciences2773-15452773-15532025-04-0142616910.4103/abhs.abhs_55_24Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohortTimothy Aghogho EhwariemeChristiana I. ElusojiChristie A. EnukuBackground: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. This study examined the prevalence of cervical cancer and associated factors among patients in a tertiary health facility in Edo state in Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional survey design was adopted including 3654 female patients who visited the oncology unit between 2016 and 2021. Their clinical files were selected through purposive sampling, and a validated checklist was used as instrument for data collection. Data analyses included descriptive and inferential statistics and multiple logistics regression. Results: Cervical cancer prevalence was highest in 2021 (10.8%). Oral contraceptives (23.8%), immunosuppression (19.3%), the number of sexual partners (8.3%), lack of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination (18.8%), diabetes (13.3%), and cardiovascular diseases (9.4%) were among the factors associated cervical cancer. A significant association (P = 0.000) was observed between risk factors and the clinical outcomes of cervical cancer. Women aged 30–59 were 25% more likely (odds ratio [OR] =1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.55–2.86) to survive compared to those aged 60 and above. Women with only secondary education were also less likely (OR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.21–0.99) to survive compared to those with tertiary education. Finally, multiparous women were less likely to survive compared to nulliparous women (OR = 0.30; 95% CI = 0.005–1.79). Conclusion: These results underscore the rising prevalence of cervical cancer and its association with age, supporting advocacy for increased HPV vaccination efforts targeting young girls before sexual maturity, as well as catchup vaccinations for high-risk older women.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/abhs.abhs_55_24associated factorscervical cancernigeriaprevalencetertiary health facilitywomen |
| spellingShingle | Timothy Aghogho Ehwarieme Christiana I. Elusoji Christie A. Enuku Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences associated factors cervical cancer nigeria prevalence tertiary health facility women |
| title | Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort |
| title_full | Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort |
| title_short | Prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a Nigerian cohort |
| title_sort | prevalence and associated risk factors of cervical cancer among women in a nigerian cohort |
| topic | associated factors cervical cancer nigeria prevalence tertiary health facility women |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/abhs.abhs_55_24 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT timothyaghoghoehwarieme prevalenceandassociatedriskfactorsofcervicalcanceramongwomeninanigeriancohort AT christianaielusoji prevalenceandassociatedriskfactorsofcervicalcanceramongwomeninanigeriancohort AT christieaenuku prevalenceandassociatedriskfactorsofcervicalcanceramongwomeninanigeriancohort |