On the limitations of closed-loop geothermal systems for electricity generation outside high-geothermal gradient fields

Abstract Closed-Loop Geothermal Systems (CLGS) involve connecting the injection and production wells through several borehole-sized parallel laterals instead of circulating a working fluid through a fracture network. Companies have garnered millions of dollars in investments on the claim that CLGS i...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sri Kalyan Tangirala, Víctor Vilarrasa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Communications Engineering
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00458-7
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