Study on soil moisture estimation using a three-frequency combination of observations integrated with robust estimation and machine learning

Abstract This study introduces two innovative methods—Three-frequency pseudorange combination (TFPC) and Three-frequency carrier phase combination (TFCPC)—for estimating soil moisture using GNSS-IR technology. Unlike traditional methods that require separating direct and reflected signals, these app...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yintao Liu, Chao Ren, Hongjuan Shao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-09029-4
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!