Comparison of dexamethasone regimens in tubercular meningitis (TBM): a randomized open label clinical trial
Introduction: Corticosteroids are used as adjunctive treatment in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). However, there is no universally accepted regimen, type, duration, or route of steroid administration. Methodology: In a randomized open labelled pilot study, TBM patients were divided into overlap ora...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/17563 |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Corticosteroids are used as adjunctive treatment in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). However, there is no universally accepted regimen, type, duration, or route of steroid administration.
Methodology: In a randomized open labelled pilot study, TBM patients were divided into overlap oral dexamethasone (OOD) and direct oral dexamethasone (DOD) arms. The total duration of steroid administration was 8 weeks. The primary outcome was symptomatic resolution at 1 month post randomization. The secondary outcomes were mortality and modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 3 and 6 months after initiation of steroids.
Results: Symptomatic resolution after one month of randomization in 53 randomized patients was similar in OOD (71.4% (15/21)) versus DOD ((85.0% (17/20)) arm (p value:0.45). Median mRS was also similar in OOD versus DOD (OOD: 2.5 (IQR: 1.0; 6.0) versus DOD: 1.0 (IQR: (0.0; 4.0); p value: 0.31)) arm at 6 months. The mortality at 6 months was 31.8% (7/22) in the OOD versus 20.0% (4/20) in the DOD arm (p value: 0.49).
Conclusions: In this open label pilot study, the outcomes were similar in OOD versus DOD arms in terms of symptomatic resolution at 1 month, and morbidity, and mortality at 3 and 6 months. Patients with stage I to III TBM may be given injectable steroids for 1 week after which they may be switched to oral steroid. This regime cannot be applied to stage IV TBM and patients with complications like optico-chiasmatic or spinal arachnoiditis or vasculitic infarcts.
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| ISSN: | 1972-2680 |