Overexpression of CTLA-4 and fibronectin, and lower expression of CD137 (4-1BB) is associated with brain metastasis of primary skin melanomas. An analysis of local immune response by digital spatial profiling

Overexpression of CTLA-4 and fibronectin, and lower expression of CD137 (4-1BB) is associated with brain metastasis of primary skin melanomas. An analysis of local immune response by digital spatial profiling

BackgroundTo discover immune response-associated gene expressions related to brain metastases of skin melanomas, we analyzed a group of fifteen primary skin melanomas consisting of five tumors from patients who did not develop systemic metastases (NM); ten from patients with systemic metastasis of w...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Shiva Najjary, Nur al Amery, Mengqi Huang, Disha Vadgama, Alexander C. J. van Akkooi, H. Jacobus Gilhuis, Zineb Belcaid, Dana Mustafa, Johan M. Kros
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
melanoma
metastasis
CTLA-4
fibronectin
spatial biology
4-1BB
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1578986/full
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