Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment

The control of water represents the safe key for fair and optimal use to protect water resources due to human activities, including untreated wastewater, which is considered a carrier of a large number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anti...

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Main Authors: Zinah Mohammed Mahdi, Shahad Husham Mahmood, Noor Nihad Baqer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: University of Baghdad, College of Science for Women 2024-02-01
Series:مجلة بغداد للعلوم
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Online Access:https://bsj.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BSJ/article/view/7782
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author Zinah Mohammed Mahdi
Shahad Husham Mahmood
Noor Nihad Baqer
author_facet Zinah Mohammed Mahdi
Shahad Husham Mahmood
Noor Nihad Baqer
author_sort Zinah Mohammed Mahdi
collection DOAJ
description The control of water represents the safe key for fair and optimal use to protect water resources due to human activities, including untreated wastewater, which is considered a carrier of a large number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance to E. coli in Tigris River by the presence of resistance genes for aminoglycoside(qepA( ,quinolone (gyrA), and sulfa drugs( dfr1 ,dfr17) due to the frequent use of antibiotics and their release into wastewater of hospitals. Samples were collected from three sites on Tigris River: S1( station wastewater in Adhamiya), S2 (station wastewater in Baghdad Medical city hospital), S3 (station wastewater in Abu Nuwas) from February-July 2021. Out of 67 isolates of bacteria, only 40 isolates of E. coli were detected by Vitek2. The antibiotic-resistance was estimated by the disk diffusion method. All E.coli isolates were tested against 6 antibiotics. The results showed the high resistance antibiotic of E. coli against Ceftazidime 70%, with intermediate resistance to Cefotaxime 47.5%, and low resistance to the sulfa drugs as Trimethoprim 27.5% and quinolones antibiotics as ciprofloxacin 17.5%, aminoglycosides as Amikacin and Gentamycin 5% and 7.5%. Moreover, the results revealed that gyrA gene was detected in 4 isolates (10%) while drf1 and drf17 genes were in 2 isolates of each gene (5%).Whereas qepA gene has not appeared in isolates. In conclusion, the isolates of E.coli from the Tigris River showed low resistance to sulfa drugs and quinolones , aminoglycosides. The resistance genes (gyrA,drf1,drf17) were detected in a few isolates which may be explained by the horizontal transfer of plasmids that carried genes and their distribution among the family  Enterobacteriaceae.
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spelling doaj-art-e112feeb497941298d86840fa00a0d702025-08-20T03:58:03ZengUniversity of Baghdad, College of Science for Womenمجلة بغداد للعلوم2078-86652411-79862024-02-0121210.21123/bsj.2023.7782Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environmentZinah Mohammed Mahdi0Shahad Husham Mahmood1Noor Nihad Baqer2Ministry of Science and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq.Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, Al Anbar, Iraq.Ministry of Science and Technology, Environment and Water Directorate, Baghdad, Iraq. The control of water represents the safe key for fair and optimal use to protect water resources due to human activities, including untreated wastewater, which is considered a carrier of a large number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial species. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistance to E. coli in Tigris River by the presence of resistance genes for aminoglycoside(qepA( ,quinolone (gyrA), and sulfa drugs( dfr1 ,dfr17) due to the frequent use of antibiotics and their release into wastewater of hospitals. Samples were collected from three sites on Tigris River: S1( station wastewater in Adhamiya), S2 (station wastewater in Baghdad Medical city hospital), S3 (station wastewater in Abu Nuwas) from February-July 2021. Out of 67 isolates of bacteria, only 40 isolates of E. coli were detected by Vitek2. The antibiotic-resistance was estimated by the disk diffusion method. All E.coli isolates were tested against 6 antibiotics. The results showed the high resistance antibiotic of E. coli against Ceftazidime 70%, with intermediate resistance to Cefotaxime 47.5%, and low resistance to the sulfa drugs as Trimethoprim 27.5% and quinolones antibiotics as ciprofloxacin 17.5%, aminoglycosides as Amikacin and Gentamycin 5% and 7.5%. Moreover, the results revealed that gyrA gene was detected in 4 isolates (10%) while drf1 and drf17 genes were in 2 isolates of each gene (5%).Whereas qepA gene has not appeared in isolates. In conclusion, the isolates of E.coli from the Tigris River showed low resistance to sulfa drugs and quinolones , aminoglycosides. The resistance genes (gyrA,drf1,drf17) were detected in a few isolates which may be explained by the horizontal transfer of plasmids that carried genes and their distribution among the family  Enterobacteriaceae. https://bsj.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BSJ/article/view/7782aquatic environment, drf1 gene ,drf17 gene, E.coli, gyrA gene
spellingShingle Zinah Mohammed Mahdi
Shahad Husham Mahmood
Noor Nihad Baqer
Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
مجلة بغداد للعلوم
aquatic environment, drf1 gene ,drf17 gene, E.coli, gyrA gene
title Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
title_full Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
title_fullStr Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
title_full_unstemmed Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
title_short Detection of resistance genes (gyrA,qepA,drf1,drf17) for E.coli in Iraqi aquatic environment
title_sort detection of resistance genes gyra qepa drf1 drf17 for e coli in iraqi aquatic environment
topic aquatic environment, drf1 gene ,drf17 gene, E.coli, gyrA gene
url https://bsj.uobaghdad.edu.iq/index.php/BSJ/article/view/7782
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AT shahadhushammahmood detectionofresistancegenesgyraqepadrf1drf17forecoliiniraqiaquaticenvironment
AT noornihadbaqer detectionofresistancegenesgyraqepadrf1drf17forecoliiniraqiaquaticenvironment