Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours

The objective of this study was to examine the changes in starch processed under various ohmic heating (OH) conditions in relation to the characteristics of nixtamalized maize. Ground and dehydrated nixtamalized doughs (masas) were analyzed. Samples were prepared using both OH and traditional nixtam...

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Main Authors: Elisa Dominguez-Hernandez, Jorge Rangel-Hernandez, Eduardo Morales-Sanchez, Marcela Gaytan-Martinez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-12-01
Series:Macromol
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/1
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author Elisa Dominguez-Hernandez
Jorge Rangel-Hernandez
Eduardo Morales-Sanchez
Marcela Gaytan-Martinez
author_facet Elisa Dominguez-Hernandez
Jorge Rangel-Hernandez
Eduardo Morales-Sanchez
Marcela Gaytan-Martinez
author_sort Elisa Dominguez-Hernandez
collection DOAJ
description The objective of this study was to examine the changes in starch processed under various ohmic heating (OH) conditions in relation to the characteristics of nixtamalized maize. Ground and dehydrated nixtamalized doughs (masas) were analyzed. Samples were prepared using both OH and traditional nixtamalization methods for comparison. The OH process variables included cooking temperature (85 and 90 °C), heating time (0, 5, and 10 min), and voltage (120 and 130 V). Starch modifications were assessed through viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that viscosity in OH-treated samples was influenced by both thermal conditions (time and temperature) and the electric field (at 130 V), due to gelatinization and electroporation, evidenced by starch granule damage in SEM. DSC and X-ray diffraction revealed gelatinization and a loss of crystalline structures, along with new interactions between starch components that stabilized the system and reduced peak viscosity in the OH masa flours.
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institution OA Journals
issn 2673-6209
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publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Macromol
spelling doaj-art-e10248e52f4c43e1a8e172a8c7bbefbc2025-08-20T01:48:48ZengMDPI AGMacromol2673-62092024-12-0151110.3390/macromol5010001Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa FloursElisa Dominguez-Hernandez0Jorge Rangel-Hernandez1Eduardo Morales-Sanchez2Marcela Gaytan-Martinez3Programa de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, MexicoPrograma de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Unidad Querétaro, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Santiago de Querétaro 76090, MexicoPrograma de Posgrado en Alimentos del Centro de la República, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, MexicoThe objective of this study was to examine the changes in starch processed under various ohmic heating (OH) conditions in relation to the characteristics of nixtamalized maize. Ground and dehydrated nixtamalized doughs (masas) were analyzed. Samples were prepared using both OH and traditional nixtamalization methods for comparison. The OH process variables included cooking temperature (85 and 90 °C), heating time (0, 5, and 10 min), and voltage (120 and 130 V). Starch modifications were assessed through viscosity measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that viscosity in OH-treated samples was influenced by both thermal conditions (time and temperature) and the electric field (at 130 V), due to gelatinization and electroporation, evidenced by starch granule damage in SEM. DSC and X-ray diffraction revealed gelatinization and a loss of crystalline structures, along with new interactions between starch components that stabilized the system and reduced peak viscosity in the OH masa flours.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/1gelatinizationelectroporationpasting profileresistant starchsustainable nixtamalization
spellingShingle Elisa Dominguez-Hernandez
Jorge Rangel-Hernandez
Eduardo Morales-Sanchez
Marcela Gaytan-Martinez
Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours
Macromol
gelatinization
electroporation
pasting profile
resistant starch
sustainable nixtamalization
title Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours
title_full Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours
title_fullStr Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours
title_full_unstemmed Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours
title_short Ohmic Heating Nixtamalization Modifies Maize Starch and Affects the Structural and Physicochemical Characteristics of Instant Masa Flours
title_sort ohmic heating nixtamalization modifies maize starch and affects the structural and physicochemical characteristics of instant masa flours
topic gelatinization
electroporation
pasting profile
resistant starch
sustainable nixtamalization
url https://www.mdpi.com/2673-6209/5/1/1
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AT eduardomoralessanchez ohmicheatingnixtamalizationmodifiesmaizestarchandaffectsthestructuralandphysicochemicalcharacteristicsofinstantmasaflours
AT marcelagaytanmartinez ohmicheatingnixtamalizationmodifiesmaizestarchandaffectsthestructuralandphysicochemicalcharacteristicsofinstantmasaflours