Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021
Abstract Objective To describe prevalence of congenital anomalies according to maternal, health care, and newborn characteristics in the state of Rio de Janeiro, from 2019 to 2021. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Live births were described according to sex, birthweight, gestational age...
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Ministério da Saúde do Brasil
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-96222025000100231&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | Pauline Lorena Kale Nina Nogueira Alt Sandra Costa Fonseca |
| author_facet | Pauline Lorena Kale Nina Nogueira Alt Sandra Costa Fonseca |
| author_sort | Pauline Lorena Kale |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Objective To describe prevalence of congenital anomalies according to maternal, health care, and newborn characteristics in the state of Rio de Janeiro, from 2019 to 2021. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Live births were described according to sex, birthweight, gestational age, Apgar score, and maternal sociodemographic, reproductive, and health care characteristics. Data were obtained from the Live Birth Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos - Sinasc). Anomalies were classified according to the list of priority congenital anomalies for surveillance within the scope of Sinasc. We calculated prevalence rates and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results The prevalence rate of congenital anomalies was 68.7/10,000 live births, and was high in children of mothers who were Black (75.9/10,000 live births), <20 years old (74.8 10,000 live births) and ≥35 years old (83.8 10,000 live births), as well as in newborns <1500 g (189.2 10,000 live births) and newborns with gestational age of 22 to 31 weeks (154.8 10,000 live births). The prevalence rate of priority anomalies was 45.8 10,000 live births, twice the prevalence of unclassified anomalies (22.9 10,000 live births). Limb defects predominated, with a prevalence rate of 22.5 10,000 live births (95%CI 21.3; 23.7), followed by heart defects, 6.5 10,000 live births (95%CI 5.9; 7.2). Oral clefts, genital organ anomalies and abdominal wall defects alternated from third to fifth positions. Conclusions Newborns with higher biological risk and born to women with greater sociodemographic vulnerability presented higher prevalence of anomalies. The list of priority congenital anomalies should be included in the Sinasc data tabulation programs. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2237-9622 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Ministério da Saúde do Brasil |
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| series | Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde |
| spelling | doaj-art-e0bce119cd4b4e2cacc5cdbc58fa7b4f2025-08-20T02:33:12ZengMinistério da Saúde do BrasilEpidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde2237-96222025-05-013410.1590/s2237-96222025v34e20240471.enPrevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021Pauline Lorena Kalehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5439-9158Nina Nogueira Althttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0560-7683Sandra Costa Fonsecahttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5493-494XAbstract Objective To describe prevalence of congenital anomalies according to maternal, health care, and newborn characteristics in the state of Rio de Janeiro, from 2019 to 2021. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Live births were described according to sex, birthweight, gestational age, Apgar score, and maternal sociodemographic, reproductive, and health care characteristics. Data were obtained from the Live Birth Information System (Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos - Sinasc). Anomalies were classified according to the list of priority congenital anomalies for surveillance within the scope of Sinasc. We calculated prevalence rates and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results The prevalence rate of congenital anomalies was 68.7/10,000 live births, and was high in children of mothers who were Black (75.9/10,000 live births), <20 years old (74.8 10,000 live births) and ≥35 years old (83.8 10,000 live births), as well as in newborns <1500 g (189.2 10,000 live births) and newborns with gestational age of 22 to 31 weeks (154.8 10,000 live births). The prevalence rate of priority anomalies was 45.8 10,000 live births, twice the prevalence of unclassified anomalies (22.9 10,000 live births). Limb defects predominated, with a prevalence rate of 22.5 10,000 live births (95%CI 21.3; 23.7), followed by heart defects, 6.5 10,000 live births (95%CI 5.9; 7.2). Oral clefts, genital organ anomalies and abdominal wall defects alternated from third to fifth positions. Conclusions Newborns with higher biological risk and born to women with greater sociodemographic vulnerability presented higher prevalence of anomalies. The list of priority congenital anomalies should be included in the Sinasc data tabulation programs.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-96222025000100231&lng=en&tlng=enCongenital AbnormalitiesInformation SystemsPublic Health SurveillancePrenatal CareCross-Sectional Studies |
| spellingShingle | Pauline Lorena Kale Nina Nogueira Alt Sandra Costa Fonseca Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021 Epidemiologia e Serviços de Saúde Congenital Abnormalities Information Systems Public Health Surveillance Prenatal Care Cross-Sectional Studies |
| title | Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021 |
| title_full | Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021 |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021 |
| title_short | Prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns: a cross-sectional study in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019-2021 |
| title_sort | prevalence of congenital anomalies in newborns a cross sectional study in the state of rio de janeiro brazil 2019 2021 |
| topic | Congenital Abnormalities Information Systems Public Health Surveillance Prenatal Care Cross-Sectional Studies |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-96222025000100231&lng=en&tlng=en |
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