Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review

The uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome, initially described in 1978, presents as an iatrogenic complication associated with contact between intraocular implant and ocular tissue. This syndrome encompasses a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including intraocular inflammation, elevated intrao...

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Main Authors: Jing-Ting Luo, Zhao-Xun Feng, Cong Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Press of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS) 2025-08-01
Series:International Journal of Ophthalmology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/8/20250822.pdf
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author Jing-Ting Luo
Zhao-Xun Feng
Cong Wang
author_facet Jing-Ting Luo
Zhao-Xun Feng
Cong Wang
author_sort Jing-Ting Luo
collection DOAJ
description The uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome, initially described in 1978, presents as an iatrogenic complication associated with contact between intraocular implant and ocular tissue. This syndrome encompasses a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including intraocular inflammation, elevated intraocular pressure, and recurrent hemorrhage. Advances in cataract surgery techniques reduced the incidence of early intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation while inversely increased rates of delayed dislocation. The primary etiology of UGH syndrome is IOL subluxation. Weakness of the ciliary zonules or unstable IOL fixation techniques may predispose the eye to iris-lens contact. Other contributing factors include Soemmering's ring formation, abnormal iris and ciliary body anatomy, positional changes, and improper positioning of glaucoma implants. Clinical examination and imaging modalities such as ultrasound biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography supports diagnosis of UGH. Treatment options range from observation and medical therapies to invasive procedures such as laser therapy, IOL repositioning, or replacement. Endoscopy provides direct visualization for identifying causes intraoperatively, aiding in tailored surgical approaches towards minimal intervention. In conclusion, UGH syndrome poses a complex clinical challenge, emphasizing the importance of understanding its etiology, accurate diagnosis, and personalized management strategies to mitigate its impact on visual function and ensure favorable outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-e0bbf300390a4e94a9c665aec2d7e7612025-08-20T03:12:38ZengPress of International Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO PRESS)International Journal of Ophthalmology2222-39592227-48982025-08-011881587159310.18240/ijo.2025.08.2220250822Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive reviewJing-Ting Luo0Zhao-Xun Feng1Cong Wang2Cong Wang. Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China. wxcc518@163.comDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, CanadaBeijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, ChinaThe uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema (UGH) syndrome, initially described in 1978, presents as an iatrogenic complication associated with contact between intraocular implant and ocular tissue. This syndrome encompasses a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including intraocular inflammation, elevated intraocular pressure, and recurrent hemorrhage. Advances in cataract surgery techniques reduced the incidence of early intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation while inversely increased rates of delayed dislocation. The primary etiology of UGH syndrome is IOL subluxation. Weakness of the ciliary zonules or unstable IOL fixation techniques may predispose the eye to iris-lens contact. Other contributing factors include Soemmering's ring formation, abnormal iris and ciliary body anatomy, positional changes, and improper positioning of glaucoma implants. Clinical examination and imaging modalities such as ultrasound biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography supports diagnosis of UGH. Treatment options range from observation and medical therapies to invasive procedures such as laser therapy, IOL repositioning, or replacement. Endoscopy provides direct visualization for identifying causes intraoperatively, aiding in tailored surgical approaches towards minimal intervention. In conclusion, UGH syndrome poses a complex clinical challenge, emphasizing the importance of understanding its etiology, accurate diagnosis, and personalized management strategies to mitigate its impact on visual function and ensure favorable outcomes.http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/8/20250822.pdfuveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndromeetiologymanagement
spellingShingle Jing-Ting Luo
Zhao-Xun Feng
Cong Wang
Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review
International Journal of Ophthalmology
uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome
etiology
management
title Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review
title_full Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review
title_fullStr Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review
title_full_unstemmed Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review
title_short Etiology and management of uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome: a comprehensive review
title_sort etiology and management of uveitis glaucoma hyphema syndrome a comprehensive review
topic uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome
etiology
management
url http://ies.ijo.cn/en_publish/2025/8/20250822.pdf
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AT zhaoxunfeng etiologyandmanagementofuveitisglaucomahyphemasyndromeacomprehensivereview
AT congwang etiologyandmanagementofuveitisglaucomahyphemasyndromeacomprehensivereview