Exploring the Contribution Roles from Municipal Cities in the Rise in Household CO<sub>2</sub> Emissions in China: From a Local Scale Analysis in the Global Context
A major source of carbon dioxide emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>) arises from the household sector. Recent studies have reported increasing household CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (HCO<sub>2</sub>) in many countries. Cities represent a key administrative level in China and c...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4135 |
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| Summary: | A major source of carbon dioxide emissions (CO<sub>2</sub>) arises from the household sector. Recent studies have reported increasing household CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (HCO<sub>2</sub>) in many countries. Cities represent a key administrative level in China and can be managed to mitigate HCO<sub>2</sub> if spatial and temporal variations in HCO<sub>2</sub> are understood at fine scales. Here, we applied panel data analysis to map HCO<sub>2</sub> at a pixel scale of 1 km in China using remotely sensed time series nighttime light data, grid population density data, and provincial energy consumption statistics from 2000 to 2020. Spatial and temporal variations in HCO<sub>2</sub> were observed with four growth modes, including high growth (HG), low growth (LG), negative growth (NG), and high negative growth (HNG), for different periods, i.e., 2000–2010, 2010–2020, and 2000–2020. We proposed a local scale analysis of HCO<sub>2</sub> growth patterns within a global context to assess the contribution roles of 372 municipal cities to the changes in the national total HCO<sub>2</sub> (T-HCO<sub>2</sub>). The results indicated that T-HCO<sub>2</sub> has tripled in the last two decades, but the roles of the contribution to the increase varied among cities. The local scale analysis revealed that more cities contributed to the rise in T-HCO<sub>2</sub> through HG and LG than those that suppressed it through NG and HNG. The majority of the cities displayed contributions to the rise in T-HCO<sub>2</sub> through two or more of the growth modes, confirming a significant variation in HCO<sub>2</sub> across locations, even within a city. This study provides a new approach to understanding the roles cities play in the long-term dynamics of T-HCO<sub>2</sub>. We recommend increased efforts to encourage HCO<sub>2</sub> mitigation in cities that have contributed to the rise in T-HCO<sub>2</sub> to help neutralize carbon emissions at the national level. |
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| ISSN: | 2072-4292 |