Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants

Directly degrading the dyes in the wastewater is a missed opportunity. Herein, we propose a solution employing a microfluidic chip to construct a photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) system, which can efficiently degrade tetracycline while generating electricity simultaneously under visible-light irradiat...

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Main Authors: Youquan Zhou, Fangzhou Luo, Zhichao Wang, Jiayi Zhu, Hao Yang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Micromachines
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/3/312
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author Youquan Zhou
Fangzhou Luo
Zhichao Wang
Jiayi Zhu
Hao Yang
author_facet Youquan Zhou
Fangzhou Luo
Zhichao Wang
Jiayi Zhu
Hao Yang
author_sort Youquan Zhou
collection DOAJ
description Directly degrading the dyes in the wastewater is a missed opportunity. Herein, we propose a solution employing a microfluidic chip to construct a photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) system, which can efficiently degrade tetracycline while generating electricity simultaneously under visible-light irradiation. This approach utilizes the photogenerated electrons from the dye Rhodamine B (RhB), which are effectively transferred through a gold layer to activate persulfate in water, leading to enhanced tetracycline degradation. Experimental results reveal that within one hour of reaction duration, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline within the PFC system was doubled. At a persulfate (PS) concentration of 2 mM, the system’s open-circuit voltage and short-circuit photocurrent density reached 0.26 V and 0.00239 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup> respectively, both exceeding the values detected at 0.5 mM PS. Additionally, the system’s power density was triple that at 0.5 mM PS. Notably, when the PS concentration in the system was elevated from 0.5 mM to 2 mM, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline witnessed a significant boost from 35.16% to 60.78%. This approach proffers a novel tactic for harnessing dye waste via microfluidic devices. The PFC system accomplishes not only the degradation of dyes and antibiotics but also the generation of electrical energy, substantially enhancing the energy utilization efficiency.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2072-666X
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publisher MDPI AG
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series Micromachines
spelling doaj-art-e01fd04c896f4b5595f26bbcfd3627eb2025-08-20T03:43:25ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2025-03-0116331210.3390/mi16030312Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye PollutantsYouquan Zhou0Fangzhou Luo1Zhichao Wang2Jiayi Zhu3Hao Yang4National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaWuhan Fibers Technology Co., LTD, Wuhan 430223, ChinaDirectly degrading the dyes in the wastewater is a missed opportunity. Herein, we propose a solution employing a microfluidic chip to construct a photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) system, which can efficiently degrade tetracycline while generating electricity simultaneously under visible-light irradiation. This approach utilizes the photogenerated electrons from the dye Rhodamine B (RhB), which are effectively transferred through a gold layer to activate persulfate in water, leading to enhanced tetracycline degradation. Experimental results reveal that within one hour of reaction duration, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline within the PFC system was doubled. At a persulfate (PS) concentration of 2 mM, the system’s open-circuit voltage and short-circuit photocurrent density reached 0.26 V and 0.00239 mA·cm<sup>−2</sup> respectively, both exceeding the values detected at 0.5 mM PS. Additionally, the system’s power density was triple that at 0.5 mM PS. Notably, when the PS concentration in the system was elevated from 0.5 mM to 2 mM, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline witnessed a significant boost from 35.16% to 60.78%. This approach proffers a novel tactic for harnessing dye waste via microfluidic devices. The PFC system accomplishes not only the degradation of dyes and antibiotics but also the generation of electrical energy, substantially enhancing the energy utilization efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/3/312photocatalytic fuel cellsRhBantibiotic degradation
spellingShingle Youquan Zhou
Fangzhou Luo
Zhichao Wang
Jiayi Zhu
Hao Yang
Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants
Micromachines
photocatalytic fuel cells
RhB
antibiotic degradation
title Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants
title_full Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants
title_fullStr Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants
title_full_unstemmed Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants
title_short Integrated Wastewater Remediation and Energy Production: Microfluidic Photocatalytic Fuel Cells Enabled by Dye Pollutants
title_sort integrated wastewater remediation and energy production microfluidic photocatalytic fuel cells enabled by dye pollutants
topic photocatalytic fuel cells
RhB
antibiotic degradation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/16/3/312
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AT zhichaowang integratedwastewaterremediationandenergyproductionmicrofluidicphotocatalyticfuelcellsenabledbydyepollutants
AT jiayizhu integratedwastewaterremediationandenergyproductionmicrofluidicphotocatalyticfuelcellsenabledbydyepollutants
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