High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context
Summary: Background: Although proteins derived from cats are an important contributor to indoor allergen exposure in relation to asthma, it has been known for at least twenty years that some children who live in a house with a cat can become clinically tolerant to these animals. In 2001, we reporte...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| author | Thomas A. Platts-Mills Behnam Keshavarz Jeffrey M. Wilson Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Samuel M. Ailsworth Joanne E. Sordillo Lisa Workman Martin Chapman Jonas Lidholm Emily Oken Diane R. Gold |
| author_facet | Thomas A. Platts-Mills Behnam Keshavarz Jeffrey M. Wilson Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Samuel M. Ailsworth Joanne E. Sordillo Lisa Workman Martin Chapman Jonas Lidholm Emily Oken Diane R. Gold |
| author_sort | Thomas A. Platts-Mills |
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| description | Summary: Background: Although proteins derived from cats are an important contributor to indoor allergen exposure in relation to asthma, it has been known for at least twenty years that some children who live in a house with a cat can become clinically tolerant to these animals. In 2001, we reported that children exposed to high levels of cat allergens made high levels of IgG4 antibodies to the cat allergen Fel d 1, and we coined the term “a modified Th2 response”. However, this phenomenon is still poorly understood. Methods: We studied serum antibodies among 616 individuals in the Viva unselected birth cohort recruited at their early teen visit (mean age 13.1 SD 0.8). IgE and IgG4 antibodies were measured by ImmunoCAP to inhaled allergens as well as the best characterised component allergens of cat, Fel d 1, Fel d 2, Fel d 4, and Fel d 7, and the dust mite allergens Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 10, and Der p 23. Findings: The results confirm that young teens living in a home with a cat make high levels of IgG4 specific for cat allergens, and that those antibodies, and specifically those to Fel d 1 are negatively associated with asthma. By contrast, the IgG4 responses to Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 are significantly lower and have no significant association with asthma. Perhaps more surprisingly, a similar effect is seen in relation to dust-mite allergens. Although the allergen Der p 1 is a major part of the IgE response to mite allergens, this protein also induced high prevalence and levels of IgG4 antibodies and has a less strong relationship to asthma than IgE to Der p 2 or Der p 23. Indeed, values of specific IgE to Der p 1 >3.5 IU/mL were not significantly related to asthma (OR 1.5 CI 0.8–2.8, p = 0.3, Chi2 test). The prevalence and levels of specific IgG4 to these less abundant allergens are significantly lower for Der p 2 and almost absent for Der p 23. Interpretation: High exposure to specific allergens in household dust can enhance production of both sIgE and sIgG4 antibodies, while allergens where abundance is significantly lower in dust can induce sIgE with limited or no sIgG4. The result is that the less abundant allergens, i.e., Fel d 4, Fel d 7, Der p 2, and Der p 23, may have a significantly higher relevance to asthma than expected because they induce less sIgG4. Funding: This work was funded by R01-AI20565 (TPM) and support for the IgE and IgG4 assays provided by Phadia/Thermo Fisher Kalamazoo, Michigan. Project Viva is also supported by NIH R01HD034568 and R24ES. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dffb44229fd54fbc85c5eb9bbcce2191 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-dffb44229fd54fbc85c5eb9bbcce21912025-02-03T04:16:45ZengElsevierEBioMedicine2352-39642025-02-01112105556High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in contextThomas A. Platts-Mills0Behnam Keshavarz1Jeffrey M. Wilson2Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman3Samuel M. Ailsworth4Joanne E. Sordillo5Lisa Workman6Martin Chapman7Jonas Lidholm8Emily Oken9Diane R. Gold10Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Corresponding author.Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USADivision of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USAThe Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USADivision of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USAThe Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USADivision of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USAInBio, Charlottesville, VA, USAThermo Fisher Scientific, Uppsala, SwedenThe Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USAThe Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Department of Environmental Medicine, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USASummary: Background: Although proteins derived from cats are an important contributor to indoor allergen exposure in relation to asthma, it has been known for at least twenty years that some children who live in a house with a cat can become clinically tolerant to these animals. In 2001, we reported that children exposed to high levels of cat allergens made high levels of IgG4 antibodies to the cat allergen Fel d 1, and we coined the term “a modified Th2 response”. However, this phenomenon is still poorly understood. Methods: We studied serum antibodies among 616 individuals in the Viva unselected birth cohort recruited at their early teen visit (mean age 13.1 SD 0.8). IgE and IgG4 antibodies were measured by ImmunoCAP to inhaled allergens as well as the best characterised component allergens of cat, Fel d 1, Fel d 2, Fel d 4, and Fel d 7, and the dust mite allergens Der p 1, Der p 2, Der p 10, and Der p 23. Findings: The results confirm that young teens living in a home with a cat make high levels of IgG4 specific for cat allergens, and that those antibodies, and specifically those to Fel d 1 are negatively associated with asthma. By contrast, the IgG4 responses to Fel d 4 and Fel d 7 are significantly lower and have no significant association with asthma. Perhaps more surprisingly, a similar effect is seen in relation to dust-mite allergens. Although the allergen Der p 1 is a major part of the IgE response to mite allergens, this protein also induced high prevalence and levels of IgG4 antibodies and has a less strong relationship to asthma than IgE to Der p 2 or Der p 23. Indeed, values of specific IgE to Der p 1 >3.5 IU/mL were not significantly related to asthma (OR 1.5 CI 0.8–2.8, p = 0.3, Chi2 test). The prevalence and levels of specific IgG4 to these less abundant allergens are significantly lower for Der p 2 and almost absent for Der p 23. Interpretation: High exposure to specific allergens in household dust can enhance production of both sIgE and sIgG4 antibodies, while allergens where abundance is significantly lower in dust can induce sIgE with limited or no sIgG4. The result is that the less abundant allergens, i.e., Fel d 4, Fel d 7, Der p 2, and Der p 23, may have a significantly higher relevance to asthma than expected because they induce less sIgG4. Funding: This work was funded by R01-AI20565 (TPM) and support for the IgE and IgG4 assays provided by Phadia/Thermo Fisher Kalamazoo, Michigan. Project Viva is also supported by NIH R01HD034568 and R24ES.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352396424005929Component allergens from cat and miteAsthmaEarly teensIgE and IgG4 antibodiesLess abundant allergens in house dust |
| spellingShingle | Thomas A. Platts-Mills Behnam Keshavarz Jeffrey M. Wilson Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman Samuel M. Ailsworth Joanne E. Sordillo Lisa Workman Martin Chapman Jonas Lidholm Emily Oken Diane R. Gold High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context EBioMedicine Component allergens from cat and mite Asthma Early teens IgE and IgG4 antibodies Less abundant allergens in house dust |
| title | High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context |
| title_full | High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context |
| title_fullStr | High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context |
| title_full_unstemmed | High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context |
| title_short | High risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific IgE and IgG4: a modified Th2 related antibody response revisitedResearch in context |
| title_sort | high risk of asthma among early teens is associated with quantitative differences in mite and cat allergen specific ige and igg4 a modified th2 related antibody response revisitedresearch in context |
| topic | Component allergens from cat and mite Asthma Early teens IgE and IgG4 antibodies Less abundant allergens in house dust |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352396424005929 |
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