Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults

Background: The lockdowns imposed by the government during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have had a significant impact on the Italian population habits. Methods: LOckdown and lifeSTyles in Italy and in Tuscany studies collected data on a representative sample of the Italian adult popu...

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Main Authors: Sonia Cerrai, Giulia Carreras, Filippo Monti, Chiara Stival, Alessandra Lugo, Cristina Bosetti, Silvia Biagioni, Tiziana Fanucchi, Giuseppe Gorini, Andrea Amerio, Luisa Mastrobattista, Claudia Mortali, Anna Odone, Sabrina Molinaro, Luc Smits, Silvano Gallus, the “Lost in Italy” and “Lost in Toscana” Study Investigators
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Japan Epidemiological Association 2025-02-01
Series:Journal of Epidemiology
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Online Access:https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/35/2/35_JE20230340/_pdf
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author Sonia Cerrai
Giulia Carreras
Filippo Monti
Chiara Stival
Alessandra Lugo
Cristina Bosetti
Silvia Biagioni
Tiziana Fanucchi
Giuseppe Gorini
Andrea Amerio
Luisa Mastrobattista
Claudia Mortali
Anna Odone
Sabrina Molinaro
Luc Smits
Silvano Gallus
the “Lost in Italy” and “Lost in Toscana” Study Investigators
author_facet Sonia Cerrai
Giulia Carreras
Filippo Monti
Chiara Stival
Alessandra Lugo
Cristina Bosetti
Silvia Biagioni
Tiziana Fanucchi
Giuseppe Gorini
Andrea Amerio
Luisa Mastrobattista
Claudia Mortali
Anna Odone
Sabrina Molinaro
Luc Smits
Silvano Gallus
the “Lost in Italy” and “Lost in Toscana” Study Investigators
author_sort Sonia Cerrai
collection DOAJ
description Background: The lockdowns imposed by the government during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have had a significant impact on the Italian population habits. Methods: LOckdown and lifeSTyles in Italy and in Tuscany studies collected data on a representative sample of the Italian adult population in 2020 (n = 6,003) followed up through 2023 via four additional surveys (3,000 ≤ n ≤ 6,600) through an online self-administered questionnaire. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise was used to identify at-risk drinkers. Considering the cohort of individuals who took part to the first and at least one other wave (n = 5,378), a multilevel logistic model was used to derive odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of being at-risk drinkers. Results: The prevalence of at-risk drinkers was 26.4% before, 23.4% during the first lockdown, and stabilized around 30.0% thereafter. Being at-risk alcohol consumers decreased with decreasing economic status (P for trend <0.001), was less frequent among middle-aged compared to younger (OR 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60–0.89) and among divorced/separated (OR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60–0.99) or single (OR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.64–0.89) compared to married individuals. It was more frequent among individuals with anxiety or depressive symptoms (OR 1.24; 95% CI, 1.12–1.37), those using psychotropic drugs (OR 1.99; 95% CI, 1.69–2.35) and users of conventional and/or alternative nicotine products (OR 3.67; 95% CI, 3.00–4.48). Conclusion: The long-term trends in alcohol consumption after the COVID-19 pandemic are unfavorable in Italy. The results point to an increased vulnerability for at-risk alcohol consumption among younger individuals, women with higher economic status, and married individuals. At-risk drinking is strongly related to mental health symptoms and nicotine consumption.
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spelling doaj-art-dfece0c5cda7436aa5b4e8b24dd9022e2025-02-05T04:49:20ZengJapan Epidemiological AssociationJournal of Epidemiology0917-50401349-90922025-02-01352637010.2188/jea.JE20230340Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian AdultsSonia Cerrai0Giulia Carreras1Filippo Monti2Chiara Stival3Alessandra Lugo4Cristina Bosetti5Silvia Biagioni6Tiziana Fanucchi7Giuseppe Gorini8Andrea Amerio9Luisa Mastrobattista10Claudia Mortali11Anna Odone12Sabrina Molinaro13Luc Smits14Silvano Gallus15the “Lost in Italy” and “Lost in Toscana” Study InvestigatorsNational Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Pisa, ItalyInstitute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, ItalyInstitute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, ItalyDepartment of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Pisa, ItalyUnit of Health Promotion, Epidemiology, and Government of Territorial Demand, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, ItalyInstitute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, ItalyUniversity of Genoa, Genoa, ItalyIstituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyIstituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology (CNR-IFC), Pisa, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Epidemiology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, ItalyBackground: The lockdowns imposed by the government during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have had a significant impact on the Italian population habits. Methods: LOckdown and lifeSTyles in Italy and in Tuscany studies collected data on a representative sample of the Italian adult population in 2020 (n = 6,003) followed up through 2023 via four additional surveys (3,000 ≤ n ≤ 6,600) through an online self-administered questionnaire. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise was used to identify at-risk drinkers. Considering the cohort of individuals who took part to the first and at least one other wave (n = 5,378), a multilevel logistic model was used to derive odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of being at-risk drinkers. Results: The prevalence of at-risk drinkers was 26.4% before, 23.4% during the first lockdown, and stabilized around 30.0% thereafter. Being at-risk alcohol consumers decreased with decreasing economic status (P for trend <0.001), was less frequent among middle-aged compared to younger (OR 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60–0.89) and among divorced/separated (OR 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60–0.99) or single (OR 0.75; 95% CI, 0.64–0.89) compared to married individuals. It was more frequent among individuals with anxiety or depressive symptoms (OR 1.24; 95% CI, 1.12–1.37), those using psychotropic drugs (OR 1.99; 95% CI, 1.69–2.35) and users of conventional and/or alternative nicotine products (OR 3.67; 95% CI, 3.00–4.48). Conclusion: The long-term trends in alcohol consumption after the COVID-19 pandemic are unfavorable in Italy. The results point to an increased vulnerability for at-risk alcohol consumption among younger individuals, women with higher economic status, and married individuals. At-risk drinking is strongly related to mental health symptoms and nicotine consumption.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/35/2/35_JE20230340/_pdfalcoholat-risk drinkingaudit-ccovid-19prospective cohort
spellingShingle Sonia Cerrai
Giulia Carreras
Filippo Monti
Chiara Stival
Alessandra Lugo
Cristina Bosetti
Silvia Biagioni
Tiziana Fanucchi
Giuseppe Gorini
Andrea Amerio
Luisa Mastrobattista
Claudia Mortali
Anna Odone
Sabrina Molinaro
Luc Smits
Silvano Gallus
the “Lost in Italy” and “Lost in Toscana” Study Investigators
Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults
Journal of Epidemiology
alcohol
at-risk drinking
audit-c
covid-19
prospective cohort
title Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults
title_full Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults
title_fullStr Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults
title_full_unstemmed Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults
title_short Changes in Alcohol Consumption During and After the Covid-19 Pandemic From 2020 to 2023 in a Prospective Cohort of Italian Adults
title_sort changes in alcohol consumption during and after the covid 19 pandemic from 2020 to 2023 in a prospective cohort of italian adults
topic alcohol
at-risk drinking
audit-c
covid-19
prospective cohort
url https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/35/2/35_JE20230340/_pdf
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