Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Abstract Background Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes, including the oral cavity. The prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP) in the general population is estimated to be between 0.5% and 2%, with a higher incidence observed in women aged...

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Main Authors: Wojciech Niemczyk, Katarzyna Janik, Stanisław Niemczyk, Jacek Żurek, Edward Lynch, Steven Parker, Mark Cronshaw, Dariusz Skaba, Rafał Wiench
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Oral Health
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06189-7
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author Wojciech Niemczyk
Katarzyna Janik
Stanisław Niemczyk
Jacek Żurek
Edward Lynch
Steven Parker
Mark Cronshaw
Dariusz Skaba
Rafał Wiench
author_facet Wojciech Niemczyk
Katarzyna Janik
Stanisław Niemczyk
Jacek Żurek
Edward Lynch
Steven Parker
Mark Cronshaw
Dariusz Skaba
Rafał Wiench
author_sort Wojciech Niemczyk
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes, including the oral cavity. The prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP) in the general population is estimated to be between 0.5% and 2%, with a higher incidence observed in women aged between 30 and 80 years. The etiology of OLP remains unclear, which presents a significant challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in the treatment of OLP. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted via multiple databases in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results A total of seven randomized controlled trials were subjected to analysis. It has been demonstrated that both PRP and i-PRF have the capacity to significantly improve clinical outcomes, including pain and lesion severity. However, the majority of studies have not demonstrated statistically significant differences between PRP/i-PRF and corticosteroid treatments. Conclusions While PRP and i-PRF demonstrate potential in alleviating symptoms and promoting tissue healing, their effectiveness appears to be analogous to that of corticosteroids in the majority of RCTs. Further high-quality, standardized studies are required to substantiate their function as alternative or adjunctive therapies in the management of OLP. Trial registration This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 28 November 2024 (PROSPERO 2024 CRD42024615291).
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spelling doaj-art-dfe6e3a3048a40e5b9ef05c7c6ffb2032025-08-20T02:00:10ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-05-0125111310.1186/s12903-025-06189-7Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trialsWojciech Niemczyk0Katarzyna Janik1Stanisław Niemczyk2Jacek Żurek3Edward Lynch4Steven Parker5Mark Cronshaw6Dariusz Skaba7Rafał Wiench8Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of SilesiaDepartment of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of SilesiaMunicipal Hospital No. 4 in GliwiceSpecialist Medical Practice “Clinical Periodontology”School of Pharmacy, De Montfort UniversitySchool of Pharmacy, De Montfort UniversitySchool of Pharmacy, De Montfort UniversityDepartment of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of SilesiaDepartment of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of SilesiaAbstract Background Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and mucous membranes, including the oral cavity. The prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP) in the general population is estimated to be between 0.5% and 2%, with a higher incidence observed in women aged between 30 and 80 years. The etiology of OLP remains unclear, which presents a significant challenge in terms of diagnosis and treatment. This systematic review assessed the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in the treatment of OLP. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted via multiple databases in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results A total of seven randomized controlled trials were subjected to analysis. It has been demonstrated that both PRP and i-PRF have the capacity to significantly improve clinical outcomes, including pain and lesion severity. However, the majority of studies have not demonstrated statistically significant differences between PRP/i-PRF and corticosteroid treatments. Conclusions While PRP and i-PRF demonstrate potential in alleviating symptoms and promoting tissue healing, their effectiveness appears to be analogous to that of corticosteroids in the majority of RCTs. Further high-quality, standardized studies are required to substantiate their function as alternative or adjunctive therapies in the management of OLP. Trial registration This systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 28 November 2024 (PROSPERO 2024 CRD42024615291).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06189-7Blood plateletsLichen planusOral lichen planusPeriodonticsPlatelet-rich fibrinPlatelet-rich plasma
spellingShingle Wojciech Niemczyk
Katarzyna Janik
Stanisław Niemczyk
Jacek Żurek
Edward Lynch
Steven Parker
Mark Cronshaw
Dariusz Skaba
Rafał Wiench
Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
BMC Oral Health
Blood platelets
Lichen planus
Oral lichen planus
Periodontics
Platelet-rich fibrin
Platelet-rich plasma
title Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
title_full Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
title_fullStr Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
title_full_unstemmed Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
title_short Use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in oral lichen planus treatment: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
title_sort use of platelet rich plasma prp and injectable platelet rich fibrin i prf in oral lichen planus treatment a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
topic Blood platelets
Lichen planus
Oral lichen planus
Periodontics
Platelet-rich fibrin
Platelet-rich plasma
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06189-7
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