Influence of climate factors on the formation of radial increment of walnut wood
It has been studied that the climatic conditions of the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, in particular the amount of precipitation and average monthly temperatures, affect the growth and development of walnut, a characteristic species of this region. The importance of studying the influence of c...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Ukrainian National Forestry University
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Наукові праці Лісівничої академії наук України |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://fasu.nltu.edu.ua/index.php/nplanu/article/view/792 |
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| Summary: | It has been studied that the climatic conditions of the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, in particular the amount of precipitation and average monthly temperatures, affect the growth and development of walnut, a characteristic species of this region. The importance of studying the influence of climatic factors on the growth of forest plantations was noted, and the need to take into account these factors when growing walnuts in the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Forest Steppe, characterized by a high level of precipitation in the first half of the growing season, was emphasized. This factor plays an essential role in ensuring a favorable soil moisture regime. In the second half of the growing season (July-August), on the contrary, a decrease in precipitation was observed, which has an ambiguous effect on the productive reserves of moisture in the soil. In particular, it was found that in May, only during a short period of the years studied (1995-2001), the level of precipitation was optimal - 40-50 mm, over the course of four years (2003, 2004, 2009 and 2013), it decreased slightly – 30- 40 mm.
The statistical analysis of annual increments shows their suitability for further analysis since these series have an inter-series correlation coefficient of 0.59 for the plantation forest and 0.55 for the natural forest stand. The sensitivity of the tree-ring chronology of the plantation forest slightly exceeds the average value and is 0.32, while for the natural forest stand on the contrary, it is 0.17 and is lower than the average value. Thus, walnuts under plantation cultivation are more sensitive to variations in environmental conditions compared to natural forest stands.
Based on the analysis of the values of radial increment, standard deviation, coefficients of variation, and sensitivity, the walnut growth and development periods are distinguished, characterized by certain features and conditions for plant growth. Based on the value of the sensitivity coefficient, it was found that walnut stands growing in natural forest conditions are more steady-state.
It was found that the radial increment of walnuts under plantation cultivation showed a significant negative relationship with precipitation. Conversely, precipitation did not significantly affect the formation of diameter growth in trees growing in natural forest conditions.
The correlation analysis for two periods of plant growth (the first period 1994-2003 and the second period 2004-2023) showed that due to climate changes, namely, an increase in air temperature and a decrease in the amount of precipitation (which was irregular and intense) changed growth response both in forest ecosystems and plantations. In the growing season of 2004-2023, with an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme weather conditions during the vegetative development of plants, such as high air temperatures and moisture deficit, the negative impact of these phenomena on the growth of walnuts was observed. The different response of walnuts grown in plantation and natural forest conditions to climatic changes makes it possible to apply technological measures to mitigate or reduce the manifestation of negative stressful climatic effects. |
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| ISSN: | 1991-606X 2616-5015 |