First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer
Abstract We explore the first-order phase transition in the lattice Schwinger model in the presence of a topological θ-term by means of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Using two different fermion discretizations, Wilson and staggered fermions, we develop parametric ansatz circuits suitabl...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | npj Quantum Information |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-024-00950-6 |
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| _version_ | 1832594515731415040 |
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| author | Takis Angelides Pranay Naredi Arianna Crippa Karl Jansen Stefan Kühn Ivano Tavernelli Derek S. Wang |
| author_facet | Takis Angelides Pranay Naredi Arianna Crippa Karl Jansen Stefan Kühn Ivano Tavernelli Derek S. Wang |
| author_sort | Takis Angelides |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We explore the first-order phase transition in the lattice Schwinger model in the presence of a topological θ-term by means of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Using two different fermion discretizations, Wilson and staggered fermions, we develop parametric ansatz circuits suitable for both discretizations, and compare their performance by simulating classically an ideal VQE optimization in the absence of noise. The states obtained by the classical simulation are then prepared on the IBM’s superconducting quantum hardware. Applying state-of-the art error-mitigation methods, we show that the electric field density and particle number, observables which reveal the phase structure of the model, can be reliably obtained from the quantum hardware. To investigate the minimum system sizes required for a continuum extrapolation, we study the continuum limit using matrix product states, and compare our results to continuum mass perturbation theory. We demonstrate that taking the additive mass renormalization into account is vital for enhancing the precision that can be obtained with smaller system sizes. Furthermore, for the observables we investigate we observe excellent agreement in the continuum limit of both fermion discretizations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dd814831f2d04005bd86e8bb8afa2045 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2056-6387 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | npj Quantum Information |
| spelling | doaj-art-dd814831f2d04005bd86e8bb8afa20452025-01-19T12:34:14ZengNature Portfolionpj Quantum Information2056-63872025-01-0111111210.1038/s41534-024-00950-6First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computerTakis Angelides0Pranay Naredi1Arianna Crippa2Karl Jansen3Stefan Kühn4Ivano Tavernelli5Derek S. Wang6Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinComputation-Based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus InstituteInstitut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYIBM Research Europe—ZurichIBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research CenterAbstract We explore the first-order phase transition in the lattice Schwinger model in the presence of a topological θ-term by means of the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE). Using two different fermion discretizations, Wilson and staggered fermions, we develop parametric ansatz circuits suitable for both discretizations, and compare their performance by simulating classically an ideal VQE optimization in the absence of noise. The states obtained by the classical simulation are then prepared on the IBM’s superconducting quantum hardware. Applying state-of-the art error-mitigation methods, we show that the electric field density and particle number, observables which reveal the phase structure of the model, can be reliably obtained from the quantum hardware. To investigate the minimum system sizes required for a continuum extrapolation, we study the continuum limit using matrix product states, and compare our results to continuum mass perturbation theory. We demonstrate that taking the additive mass renormalization into account is vital for enhancing the precision that can be obtained with smaller system sizes. Furthermore, for the observables we investigate we observe excellent agreement in the continuum limit of both fermion discretizations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-024-00950-6 |
| spellingShingle | Takis Angelides Pranay Naredi Arianna Crippa Karl Jansen Stefan Kühn Ivano Tavernelli Derek S. Wang First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer npj Quantum Information |
| title | First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer |
| title_full | First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer |
| title_fullStr | First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer |
| title_full_unstemmed | First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer |
| title_short | First-order phase transition of the Schwinger model with a quantum computer |
| title_sort | first order phase transition of the schwinger model with a quantum computer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-024-00950-6 |
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