Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning

This study aimed to develop and characterize a dried seasoning made from Liang (Gnetum gnemon var. tenerum) leaves, with a focus on the effects of packaging and storage conditions on the quality and shelf life. The seasoning, rich in protein (25.20 g/100 g), fiber (10.22 g/100 g), vitamin B2 (0.52 m...

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Main Authors: Worapong Usawakesmanee, Supachai Pisuchpen, Sunisa Siripongvutikorn, Nicha Khatcharin, Chanonkarn Rujirapong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:Heliyon
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024164936
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author Worapong Usawakesmanee
Supachai Pisuchpen
Sunisa Siripongvutikorn
Nicha Khatcharin
Chanonkarn Rujirapong
author_facet Worapong Usawakesmanee
Supachai Pisuchpen
Sunisa Siripongvutikorn
Nicha Khatcharin
Chanonkarn Rujirapong
author_sort Worapong Usawakesmanee
collection DOAJ
description This study aimed to develop and characterize a dried seasoning made from Liang (Gnetum gnemon var. tenerum) leaves, with a focus on the effects of packaging and storage conditions on the quality and shelf life. The seasoning, rich in protein (25.20 g/100 g), fiber (10.22 g/100 g), vitamin B2 (0.52 mg/100 g), and calcium (642.17 mg/100 g), was stored in laminated aluminum foil and nylon/LLDPE packaging at 30 °C with 60 % and 90 % relative humidity (RH) for 12 weeks. Laminated aluminum foil exhibited superior moisture barrier properties, with a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 3.22 × 10⁻⁶ g/(day × cm2) at 25 °C and RH 50 % and a water vapor permeability coefficient (P) of 2.52 × 10⁻5 g × μm/(day × cm2 × mmHg), making it 19 times more effective as a barrier material compared to nylon/LLDPE. As a result, the seasoning stored in laminated aluminum foil at RH 60 % maintained the lowest moisture content (3.45–3.58 %) and water activity (0.277–0.278) and demonstrated the longest estimated shelf life of 684 days, compared to only 12 days for nylon/LLDPE at RH 90 %. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) remained relatively stable over the 12-week storage period, with at least 70 % of their initial levels. During storage, the number of microbes appeared to increase, yet remained below 3 log CFU/g for the total viable count and 2 log CFU/g for yeast and mold. The seasoning packaged in laminated aluminum foil also yielded the highest sensory scores. Overall, laminated aluminum foil at RH 60 % proved to be the most effective packaging material for extending the shelf life and maintaining the quality of dried Liang leaf seasoning.
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issn 2405-8440
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publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Elsevier
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series Heliyon
spelling doaj-art-dd4e4786254046eab9e3e6eb8dfdffc82025-08-20T02:48:58ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402024-11-011022e4046210.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40462Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoningWorapong Usawakesmanee0Supachai Pisuchpen1Sunisa Siripongvutikorn2Nicha Khatcharin3Chanonkarn Rujirapong4Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, ThailandCentre of Excellence in Bio-based Materials and Packaging Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand; Corresponding author.Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, ThailandCentre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, ThailandCentre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, ThailandThis study aimed to develop and characterize a dried seasoning made from Liang (Gnetum gnemon var. tenerum) leaves, with a focus on the effects of packaging and storage conditions on the quality and shelf life. The seasoning, rich in protein (25.20 g/100 g), fiber (10.22 g/100 g), vitamin B2 (0.52 mg/100 g), and calcium (642.17 mg/100 g), was stored in laminated aluminum foil and nylon/LLDPE packaging at 30 °C with 60 % and 90 % relative humidity (RH) for 12 weeks. Laminated aluminum foil exhibited superior moisture barrier properties, with a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of 3.22 × 10⁻⁶ g/(day × cm2) at 25 °C and RH 50 % and a water vapor permeability coefficient (P) of 2.52 × 10⁻5 g × μm/(day × cm2 × mmHg), making it 19 times more effective as a barrier material compared to nylon/LLDPE. As a result, the seasoning stored in laminated aluminum foil at RH 60 % maintained the lowest moisture content (3.45–3.58 %) and water activity (0.277–0.278) and demonstrated the longest estimated shelf life of 684 days, compared to only 12 days for nylon/LLDPE at RH 90 %. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) remained relatively stable over the 12-week storage period, with at least 70 % of their initial levels. During storage, the number of microbes appeared to increase, yet remained below 3 log CFU/g for the total viable count and 2 log CFU/g for yeast and mold. The seasoning packaged in laminated aluminum foil also yielded the highest sensory scores. Overall, laminated aluminum foil at RH 60 % proved to be the most effective packaging material for extending the shelf life and maintaining the quality of dried Liang leaf seasoning.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024164936AntioxidantBioactiveRice seasoningFood supplementGnetum gnemonVegetable
spellingShingle Worapong Usawakesmanee
Supachai Pisuchpen
Sunisa Siripongvutikorn
Nicha Khatcharin
Chanonkarn Rujirapong
Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning
Heliyon
Antioxidant
Bioactive
Rice seasoning
Food supplement
Gnetum gnemon
Vegetable
title Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning
title_full Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning
title_fullStr Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning
title_full_unstemmed Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning
title_short Packaging impact on quality changes of dried Liang leaf seasoning
title_sort packaging impact on quality changes of dried liang leaf seasoning
topic Antioxidant
Bioactive
Rice seasoning
Food supplement
Gnetum gnemon
Vegetable
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844024164936
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AT sunisasiripongvutikorn packagingimpactonqualitychangesofdriedliangleafseasoning
AT nichakhatcharin packagingimpactonqualitychangesofdriedliangleafseasoning
AT chanonkarnrujirapong packagingimpactonqualitychangesofdriedliangleafseasoning