The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality

IntroductionInfections are a major driver of broad-spectrum antibiotic use. This wide use of antibiotics contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance globally that poses a threat to human and animal health. Infections continue to be a major cause of death among pregnant women and neonate...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Happyness J. Mshana, Dorottya Kovacs, Florida Muro, Ruth Zadoks, Katarina Oravcova, Louise Matthews, Blandina T. Mmbaga
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Antibiotics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frabi.2025.1556842/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850153675520999424
author Happyness J. Mshana
Dorottya Kovacs
Florida Muro
Florida Muro
Florida Muro
Ruth Zadoks
Ruth Zadoks
Katarina Oravcova
Louise Matthews
Blandina T. Mmbaga
Blandina T. Mmbaga
Blandina T. Mmbaga
author_facet Happyness J. Mshana
Dorottya Kovacs
Florida Muro
Florida Muro
Florida Muro
Ruth Zadoks
Ruth Zadoks
Katarina Oravcova
Louise Matthews
Blandina T. Mmbaga
Blandina T. Mmbaga
Blandina T. Mmbaga
author_sort Happyness J. Mshana
collection DOAJ
description IntroductionInfections are a major driver of broad-spectrum antibiotic use. This wide use of antibiotics contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance globally that poses a threat to human and animal health. Infections continue to be a major cause of death among pregnant women and neonates. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the burden of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings admitted to a referral hospital in Northeast Tanzania.MethodologyThe burden of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in a neonatal ward was assessed by screening neonates’ rectums, maternal and healthcare workers’ hands, and neonatal cots. Isolates were cultured, identified, and tested for antimicrobial resistance, while generalized linear models identified risk factors for carriage.ResultsA total of 437 neonates were screened for ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, with 235 (54%) being male. In addition, 77 maternal hand swabs, 118 neonatal cots, and 45 healthcare workers’ hand swabs were collected. ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was isolated from 198 neonates (45%), and E. coli from 96 (23%). Additionally, 5% of maternal hands and 22% of neonatal cots were contaminated with these resistant bacteria. Overall ampicillin resistance was frequent in ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae neonatal colonization (n=261,100%), as was resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 233,89%), gentamicin (n = 169, 66%), and tetracycline (n = 140,54%). Only three (1%) of the ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to meropenem. Risk factors significantly associated with carriage of either ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae were being born in an admission room [odds ratio (OR)=1.95, confidence interval (CI)=1.31-3.13, p=0.006] and delivery mode, with vaginal delivery associated with a reduced risk of carriage (OR=0.57, CI=0.35–0.92, p=0.023).ConclusionThe study reveals a high burden of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli in neonates and their environment, with frequent resistance to ampicillin and gentamicin. Hospital admission and cesarean delivery increase the risk of carriage, while vaginal delivery lowers it. Active screening upon admission and advanced diagnostic methods can help reduce transmission and guide effective antimicrobial treatment.
format Article
id doaj-art-dd2b45f8b9ce4c4cac5fbd8616b55bd1
institution OA Journals
issn 2813-2467
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Antibiotics
spelling doaj-art-dd2b45f8b9ce4c4cac5fbd8616b55bd12025-08-20T02:25:39ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Antibiotics2813-24672025-05-01410.3389/frabi.2025.15568421556842The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipalityHappyness J. Mshana0Dorottya Kovacs1Florida Muro2Florida Muro3Florida Muro4Ruth Zadoks5Ruth Zadoks6Katarina Oravcova7Louise Matthews8Blandina T. Mmbaga9Blandina T. Mmbaga10Blandina T. Mmbaga11Department of Research and Clinical Trial, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, TanzaniaBoyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomDepartment of Research and Clinical Trial, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, TanzaniaPaediatric Department, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, TanzaniaPaediatric and Child Health Department, KCMC University, Moshi, TanzaniaBoyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomSydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, AustraliaBoyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomBoyd Orr Centre for Population and Ecosystem Health, School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United KingdomDepartment of Research and Clinical Trial, Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, TanzaniaPaediatric Department, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, TanzaniaPaediatric and Child Health Department, KCMC University, Moshi, TanzaniaIntroductionInfections are a major driver of broad-spectrum antibiotic use. This wide use of antibiotics contributes to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance globally that poses a threat to human and animal health. Infections continue to be a major cause of death among pregnant women and neonates. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the burden of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings admitted to a referral hospital in Northeast Tanzania.MethodologyThe burden of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in a neonatal ward was assessed by screening neonates’ rectums, maternal and healthcare workers’ hands, and neonatal cots. Isolates were cultured, identified, and tested for antimicrobial resistance, while generalized linear models identified risk factors for carriage.ResultsA total of 437 neonates were screened for ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, with 235 (54%) being male. In addition, 77 maternal hand swabs, 118 neonatal cots, and 45 healthcare workers’ hand swabs were collected. ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae was isolated from 198 neonates (45%), and E. coli from 96 (23%). Additionally, 5% of maternal hands and 22% of neonatal cots were contaminated with these resistant bacteria. Overall ampicillin resistance was frequent in ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae neonatal colonization (n=261,100%), as was resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 233,89%), gentamicin (n = 169, 66%), and tetracycline (n = 140,54%). Only three (1%) of the ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL K. pneumoniae isolates were resistant to meropenem. Risk factors significantly associated with carriage of either ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae were being born in an admission room [odds ratio (OR)=1.95, confidence interval (CI)=1.31-3.13, p=0.006] and delivery mode, with vaginal delivery associated with a reduced risk of carriage (OR=0.57, CI=0.35–0.92, p=0.023).ConclusionThe study reveals a high burden of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli in neonates and their environment, with frequent resistance to ampicillin and gentamicin. Hospital admission and cesarean delivery increase the risk of carriage, while vaginal delivery lowers it. Active screening upon admission and advanced diagnostic methods can help reduce transmission and guide effective antimicrobial treatment.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frabi.2025.1556842/fullburdenrisk factorantimicrobial susceptibilityextended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)neonates
spellingShingle Happyness J. Mshana
Dorottya Kovacs
Florida Muro
Florida Muro
Florida Muro
Ruth Zadoks
Ruth Zadoks
Katarina Oravcova
Louise Matthews
Blandina T. Mmbaga
Blandina T. Mmbaga
Blandina T. Mmbaga
The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality
Frontiers in Antibiotics
burden
risk factor
antimicrobial susceptibility
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)
neonates
title The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality
title_full The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality
title_fullStr The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality
title_full_unstemmed The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality
title_short The burden, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the Moshi municipality
title_sort burden risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern associated with extended spectrum beta lactamase producing e coli and k pneumoniae carriage among neonates and their surroundings at a referral hospital in the moshi municipality
topic burden
risk factor
antimicrobial susceptibility
extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)
neonates
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frabi.2025.1556842/full
work_keys_str_mv AT happynessjmshana theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT dorottyakovacs theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT floridamuro theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT floridamuro theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT floridamuro theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT ruthzadoks theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT ruthzadoks theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT katarinaoravcova theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT louisematthews theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT blandinatmmbaga theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT blandinatmmbaga theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT blandinatmmbaga theburdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT happynessjmshana burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT dorottyakovacs burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT floridamuro burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT floridamuro burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT floridamuro burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT ruthzadoks burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT ruthzadoks burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT katarinaoravcova burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT louisematthews burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT blandinatmmbaga burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT blandinatmmbaga burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality
AT blandinatmmbaga burdenriskfactorsandantimicrobialsusceptibilitypatternassociatedwithextendedspectrumbetalactamaseproducingecoliandkpneumoniaecarriageamongneonatesandtheirsurroundingsatareferralhospitalinthemoshimunicipality