Effect of combined colloid preloading and crystalloid coloading versus combined colloid and crystalloid coloading on maternal cardiac output during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section under combined prophylactic noradrenaline infusion
ObjectiveHypotension is a common complication of spinal anesthesia during cesarean section, and no single intervention has been shown to eliminate maternal hypotension. Fluid loading strategies combined with vasopressor drug regimens can achieve this goal by maximizing cardiac output (CO) and minimi...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1421947/full |
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