The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans
Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that weight change has a reverse J-shape association with all-cause mortality. However, its association with suicide mortality remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated the association between weight change and suicide mortality using a larg...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-024-01559-7 |
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| author | Kyuho Kim Jin-Hyung Jung Yoo Hyun Um Yu-Bae Ahn Seung-Hyun Ko Kyungdo Han Jae-Seung Yun |
| author_facet | Kyuho Kim Jin-Hyung Jung Yoo Hyun Um Yu-Bae Ahn Seung-Hyun Ko Kyungdo Han Jae-Seung Yun |
| author_sort | Kyuho Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that weight change has a reverse J-shape association with all-cause mortality. However, its association with suicide mortality remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated the association between weight change and suicide mortality using a large-scale, population-based cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Methods A total of 2,103,525 subjects aged ≥ 20 years who underwent a general health screening program twice in the 2-year interval between 2007 and 2009 were included. Subjects were categorized into five groups according to the percent weight change during this period: severe weight loss (< − 15.0%), moderate weight loss (− 15.0 to < − 5.0%), weight stable (− 5.0 to < 5.0%), moderate weight gain (5.0 to < 15.0%), and severe weight gain (≥ 15.0%). Results During a median follow-up of 11.3 years, 6,179 cases (0.3%) of suicide mortality occurred. Weight change was associated with increased suicide mortality in a reverse J-shaped curve, even after adjustment for covariates. In particular, those with severe weight loss or gain showed 1.8-fold or 1.6-fold increased risk of suicide mortality, respectively. This reverse J-shaped association was consistently observed in subgroup analyses considering age, sex, depression, cancer, and BMI category. Conclusions Moderate to severe weight change within a 2-year interval is associated with increased risk of suicide mortality. To better understand the mechanisms through which weight change affects suicide mortality, studies incorporating information on weight change intentions, medications, weight change-related medical conditions are needed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dc509fc8c3a342a388e5c17e49afe099 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1758-5996 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome |
| spelling | doaj-art-dc509fc8c3a342a388e5c17e49afe0992025-01-19T12:33:29ZengBMCDiabetology & Metabolic Syndrome1758-59962025-01-011711910.1186/s13098-024-01559-7The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million KoreansKyuho Kim0Jin-Hyung Jung1Yoo Hyun Um2Yu-Bae Ahn3Seung-Hyun Ko4Kyungdo Han5Jae-Seung Yun6Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSamsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineDepartment of Psychiatry, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil UniversityDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaAbstract Background Previous studies have shown that weight change has a reverse J-shape association with all-cause mortality. However, its association with suicide mortality remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated the association between weight change and suicide mortality using a large-scale, population-based cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Methods A total of 2,103,525 subjects aged ≥ 20 years who underwent a general health screening program twice in the 2-year interval between 2007 and 2009 were included. Subjects were categorized into five groups according to the percent weight change during this period: severe weight loss (< − 15.0%), moderate weight loss (− 15.0 to < − 5.0%), weight stable (− 5.0 to < 5.0%), moderate weight gain (5.0 to < 15.0%), and severe weight gain (≥ 15.0%). Results During a median follow-up of 11.3 years, 6,179 cases (0.3%) of suicide mortality occurred. Weight change was associated with increased suicide mortality in a reverse J-shaped curve, even after adjustment for covariates. In particular, those with severe weight loss or gain showed 1.8-fold or 1.6-fold increased risk of suicide mortality, respectively. This reverse J-shaped association was consistently observed in subgroup analyses considering age, sex, depression, cancer, and BMI category. Conclusions Moderate to severe weight change within a 2-year interval is associated with increased risk of suicide mortality. To better understand the mechanisms through which weight change affects suicide mortality, studies incorporating information on weight change intentions, medications, weight change-related medical conditions are needed.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-024-01559-7MortalitySuicideWeight changeWeight gainWeight loss |
| spellingShingle | Kyuho Kim Jin-Hyung Jung Yoo Hyun Um Yu-Bae Ahn Seung-Hyun Ko Kyungdo Han Jae-Seung Yun The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome Mortality Suicide Weight change Weight gain Weight loss |
| title | The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans |
| title_full | The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans |
| title_fullStr | The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans |
| title_short | The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans |
| title_sort | impact of weight change on suicide mortality a nationwide population based cohort study of 2 million koreans |
| topic | Mortality Suicide Weight change Weight gain Weight loss |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-024-01559-7 |
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