The Mediating Roles of Resilience and Flow in Linking Basic Psychological Needs to Tertiary EFL Learners’ Engagement in the Informal Digital Learning of English: A Mixed-Methods Study

The Mediating Roles of Resilience and Flow in Linking Basic Psychological Needs to Tertiary EFL Learners’ Engagement in the Informal Digital Learning of English: A Mixed-Methods Study

Resilience and flow are crucial in language education, yet most research focuses on formal learning environments, with limited studies on their impact in informal settings. This study explores the relationship between basic psychological needs and engagement in the context of informal digital Englis...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yang Gao, Xiaochen Wang, Barry Lee Reynolds
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-01-01
Series:Behavioral Sciences
Subjects:
informal digital learning of English
resilience
flow
engagement
basic psychology needs
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/1/85
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