Assessment of Green Extraction Techniques in the Utilization of Oak Tree (<i>Quercus robur</i>) and Mugwort (<i>Artemisia vulgaris</i>) Biomass for the Production of Bioactive Extracts
The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) for <i>Quercus robur</i> bark and <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> extraction. PLE of <i>Q. robur</i> and <i>A. vulgaris</i&g...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Separations |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2297-8739/12/1/17 |
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| Summary: | The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) and Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) for <i>Quercus robur</i> bark and <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> extraction. PLE of <i>Q. robur</i> and <i>A. vulgaris</i> were carried out at different temperatures with water, ethanol and several hydroalcoholic mixtures. SFE of <i>A. vulgaris</i> was performed at different pressures and ethanol concentrations. The anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Q. robur</i> extracts, the antibacterial activity of <i>A. vulgaris</i> extracts and the antioxidant activity of the extracts from both materials were determined. The highest phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity of <i>Q. robur</i> extracts were achieved with water at 100 °C (487.97 mg GAE/g and 3741 µg trolox/g). The highest values for <i>A. vulgaris</i> extracts were obtained with ethanol at 200 °C (149.16 mg/g and 437.13 µmol/g). The ethanolic extract at 150 °C from <i>A. vulgaris</i> had a noticeable anti-inflammatory activity (inhibition of TNF-α and IL-6 secretion near basal values and inhibition of IL-1β higher than 80% at 20 µg/mL). <i>A. vulgaris</i> extracts obtained by SFE exerted antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> (IC<sub>50</sub> of 1388 µg/mL with neat SCCO<sub>2</sub> at 15 MPa) and <i>S. aureus</i> (1406 µg/mL using SCCO<sub>2</sub> with 10% ethanol). |
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| ISSN: | 2297-8739 |