Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review
BackgroundDegradation pathways of Tryptophan (TRP) are implicated in a spectrum of physiological adaptations and outcomes associated with pregnancy. The immunomodulatory role of TRP and its metabolites through the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway is particularly relevant to pregnancy due to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Reproductive Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2024.1453714/full |
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| author | Stephanie Prescott Stephanie Prescott Natasa Billeci Melissa Gotcher Sapna Patel Addison Almon Hailey Morgan Danielle Abukhalaf Maureen Groer |
| author_facet | Stephanie Prescott Stephanie Prescott Natasa Billeci Melissa Gotcher Sapna Patel Addison Almon Hailey Morgan Danielle Abukhalaf Maureen Groer |
| author_sort | Stephanie Prescott |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundDegradation pathways of Tryptophan (TRP) are implicated in a spectrum of physiological adaptations and outcomes associated with pregnancy. The immunomodulatory role of TRP and its metabolites through the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway is particularly relevant to pregnancy due to its potential influence on maternal and fetal immune tolerance and the mother's health.MethodsA targeted literature search was conducted via PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, focusing on maternal serum TRP levels in pregnancy. We included original human subject research on maternal serum TRP, published in English within the last five years. We included 16 quality studies with direct measurement of TRP in pregnancy including ten prospective cohorts, four case-control studies, and two cross-sectional studies.ResultsTRP levels are reduced both pre- and postnatally in women with depressive symptoms, but not during pregnancy, though the TRP/Kynurenine pathway is disturbed during pregnancy in women with depressive symptoms, women with prolonged labor, women with gestational hypertension, and in adverse outcomes of pregnancy including prematurity and growth restriction.ConclusionTRP and its metabolites hold promise as biomarkers for various pregnancy-related outcomes. Future research should aim to clarify the mechanisms by which TRP metabolism influences maternal and fetal health outcomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db63d54d0075497a89f06beb496bd979 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2673-3153 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Reproductive Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-db63d54d0075497a89f06beb496bd9792025-01-23T06:56:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Reproductive Health2673-31532025-01-01610.3389/frph.2024.14537141453714Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative reviewStephanie Prescott0Stephanie Prescott1Natasa Billeci2Melissa Gotcher3Sapna Patel4Addison Almon5Hailey Morgan6Danielle Abukhalaf7Maureen Groer8College of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesSchool of Nursing, Inova Health Services, Fairfax, VA, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Nursing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United StatesBackgroundDegradation pathways of Tryptophan (TRP) are implicated in a spectrum of physiological adaptations and outcomes associated with pregnancy. The immunomodulatory role of TRP and its metabolites through the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway is particularly relevant to pregnancy due to its potential influence on maternal and fetal immune tolerance and the mother's health.MethodsA targeted literature search was conducted via PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, focusing on maternal serum TRP levels in pregnancy. We included original human subject research on maternal serum TRP, published in English within the last five years. We included 16 quality studies with direct measurement of TRP in pregnancy including ten prospective cohorts, four case-control studies, and two cross-sectional studies.ResultsTRP levels are reduced both pre- and postnatally in women with depressive symptoms, but not during pregnancy, though the TRP/Kynurenine pathway is disturbed during pregnancy in women with depressive symptoms, women with prolonged labor, women with gestational hypertension, and in adverse outcomes of pregnancy including prematurity and growth restriction.ConclusionTRP and its metabolites hold promise as biomarkers for various pregnancy-related outcomes. Future research should aim to clarify the mechanisms by which TRP metabolism influences maternal and fetal health outcomes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2024.1453714/fullbiomarkersfetal outcomespregnancy outcomestryptophantryptophan metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Stephanie Prescott Stephanie Prescott Natasa Billeci Melissa Gotcher Sapna Patel Addison Almon Hailey Morgan Danielle Abukhalaf Maureen Groer Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review Frontiers in Reproductive Health biomarkers fetal outcomes pregnancy outcomes tryptophan tryptophan metabolism |
| title | Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review |
| title_full | Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review |
| title_fullStr | Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review |
| title_short | Tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy-related immune expression and modulation: an integrative review |
| title_sort | tryptophan as a biomarker of pregnancy related immune expression and modulation an integrative review |
| topic | biomarkers fetal outcomes pregnancy outcomes tryptophan tryptophan metabolism |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frph.2024.1453714/full |
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