Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Immune dysregulation-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation is a critical factor that poses a significant risk to the metaboli...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3759339 |
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| _version_ | 1849472923476164608 |
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| author | Wei Zheng Xin Ji Qiao qiao Yin Chensi Wu Chengan Xu Hongying Pan Chun Wu |
| author_facet | Wei Zheng Xin Ji Qiao qiao Yin Chensi Wu Chengan Xu Hongying Pan Chun Wu |
| author_sort | Wei Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Immune dysregulation-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation is a critical factor that poses a significant risk to the metabolic disorders of T2DM and its related complications. Exosomes, as small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, have emerged as essential regulators of intercellular communication and immune regulation. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of exosomes derived from immune and nonimmune cells in modulating immune responses in T2DM by regulating immune cell functions and cytokine production. More importantly, we suggest potential strategies for the clinical applications of exosomes in T2DM management, including biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring, exosome-based therapies for drug delivery vehicles, and targeted therapy for exosomes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db2de295610c46a5b9d36270a4cdaebf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-6753 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-db2de295610c46a5b9d36270a4cdaebf2025-08-20T03:24:21ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67532024-01-01202410.1155/2024/3759339Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes MellitusWei Zheng0Xin Ji1Qiao qiao Yin2Chensi Wu3Chengan Xu4Hongying Pan5Chun Wu6Center for General Practice MedicineCenter for General Practice MedicineCenter for General Practice MedicineCenter for General Practice MedicineCenter for General Practice MedicineCenter for General Practice MedicineDepartment of EndocrinologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels resulting from insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Immune dysregulation-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation is a critical factor that poses a significant risk to the metabolic disorders of T2DM and its related complications. Exosomes, as small extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, have emerged as essential regulators of intercellular communication and immune regulation. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of exosomes derived from immune and nonimmune cells in modulating immune responses in T2DM by regulating immune cell functions and cytokine production. More importantly, we suggest potential strategies for the clinical applications of exosomes in T2DM management, including biomarkers for disease diagnosis and monitoring, exosome-based therapies for drug delivery vehicles, and targeted therapy for exosomes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3759339 |
| spellingShingle | Wei Zheng Xin Ji Qiao qiao Yin Chensi Wu Chengan Xu Hongying Pan Chun Wu Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Journal of Diabetes Research |
| title | Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full | Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_fullStr | Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_short | Exosomes as Emerging Regulators of Immune Responses in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_sort | exosomes as emerging regulators of immune responses in type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/3759339 |
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