Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Background Urgent splenectomy is recommended for the management of highly transfusion-dependent life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, while for individuals unfit for surgery, splenic embolization is an alternative treatment option. However, reports on its use in this context are sparse,...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Hematology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/16078454.2025.2487365 |
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| author | Aya Egbaria Naiel Bisharat |
| author_facet | Aya Egbaria Naiel Bisharat |
| author_sort | Aya Egbaria |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Urgent splenectomy is recommended for the management of highly transfusion-dependent life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, while for individuals unfit for surgery, splenic embolization is an alternative treatment option. However, reports on its use in this context are sparse, and data on patient outcomes, effectiveness, and safety remain limited.Case presentation A 21-year-old female patient presented with severe transfusion-dependent, life-threatening, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia that was unresponsive to steroids and rituximab, reaching a nadir of 2.3 g/dL. Due to the severity of the anemia, she was unfit for surgery and therefore she underwent embolization of the lower two-thirds of the spleen parenchyma. Within 24 h after embolization, her hemoglobin level increased to 4.9 g/dL. A literature search yielded eight other reports describing the use of splenic embolization in severe warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. No procedure-related deaths were reported. While some complications may require invasive interventions (e.g. splenic abscess drainage, splenectomy), the improvement in blood counts following splenic embolization often facilitated safer conditions for these procedures.Conclusion Based on this report and review of the literature, the use of splenic embolization in cases of transfusion-dependent, life-threatening, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia is safe and is associated with marked improvement in hemoglobin levels. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db2d72a9660242d89ae9e1ffdcca992a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1607-8454 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hematology |
| spelling | doaj-art-db2d72a9660242d89ae9e1ffdcca992a2025-08-20T01:51:36ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHematology1607-84542025-12-0130110.1080/16078454.2025.2487365Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemiaAya Egbaria0Naiel Bisharat1Department of Medicine, Emek Medical Center, Afula, IsraelDepartment of Medicine, Emek Medical Center, Afula, IsraelBackground Urgent splenectomy is recommended for the management of highly transfusion-dependent life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia, while for individuals unfit for surgery, splenic embolization is an alternative treatment option. However, reports on its use in this context are sparse, and data on patient outcomes, effectiveness, and safety remain limited.Case presentation A 21-year-old female patient presented with severe transfusion-dependent, life-threatening, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia that was unresponsive to steroids and rituximab, reaching a nadir of 2.3 g/dL. Due to the severity of the anemia, she was unfit for surgery and therefore she underwent embolization of the lower two-thirds of the spleen parenchyma. Within 24 h after embolization, her hemoglobin level increased to 4.9 g/dL. A literature search yielded eight other reports describing the use of splenic embolization in severe warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia. No procedure-related deaths were reported. While some complications may require invasive interventions (e.g. splenic abscess drainage, splenectomy), the improvement in blood counts following splenic embolization often facilitated safer conditions for these procedures.Conclusion Based on this report and review of the literature, the use of splenic embolization in cases of transfusion-dependent, life-threatening, warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia is safe and is associated with marked improvement in hemoglobin levels.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/16078454.2025.2487365Autoimmune hemolytic anemiasplenic embolizationsplenectomy |
| spellingShingle | Aya Egbaria Naiel Bisharat Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia Hematology Autoimmune hemolytic anemia splenic embolization splenectomy |
| title | Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
| title_full | Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
| title_fullStr | Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
| title_short | Splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life-threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
| title_sort | splenic artery embolization for the management of severe life threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia |
| topic | Autoimmune hemolytic anemia splenic embolization splenectomy |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/16078454.2025.2487365 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ayaegbaria splenicarteryembolizationforthemanagementofseverelifethreateningwarmautoimmunehemolyticanemia AT naielbisharat splenicarteryembolizationforthemanagementofseverelifethreateningwarmautoimmunehemolyticanemia |