Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen
The presence of a pathogen among multiple competing species has important ecological implications. For example, a pathogen may change the competitive outcome, resulting in replacement of a native species by a non-native species. Alternately, if a pathogen becomes established, there may be a d...
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AIMS Press
2012-06-01
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| Series: | Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2012.9.461 |
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| author | Linda J. S. Allen Vrushali A. Bokil |
| author_facet | Linda J. S. Allen Vrushali A. Bokil |
| author_sort | Linda J. S. Allen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presence of a pathogen among multiple competing species has important ecological implications. For example, a pathogen may change the competitive outcome, resulting in replacement of a native species by a non-native species. Alternately, if a pathogen becomes established, there may be a drastic reduction in species numbers. Stochastic variability in the birth, death and pathogen transmission processes plays an important role in determining the success of species or pathogen invasion. We investigate these phenomena while studying the dynamics of deterministic and stochastic models for $n$ competing species with a shared pathogen. The deterministic model is a system of ordinary differential equations for $n$ competing species in which a single shared pathogen is transmitted among the $n$ species. There is no immunity from infection, individuals either die or recover and become immediately susceptible, an SIS disease model. Analytical results about pathogen persistence or extinction are summarized for the deterministic model for two and three species and new results about stability of the infection-free state and invasion by one species of a system of $n-1$ species are obtained. New stochastic models are derived in the form of continuous-time Markov chains and stochastic differential equations. Branching process theory is applied to the continuous-time Markov chain model to estimate probabilities for pathogen extinction or species invasion. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to explore the effect of disease on two-species competition, to illustrate some of the analytical results and to highlight some of the differences in the stochastic and deterministic models. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-db169cf8a08145f8879f0868f707b342 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1551-0018 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-06-01 |
| publisher | AIMS Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-db169cf8a08145f8879f0868f707b3422025-01-24T02:07:00ZengAIMS PressMathematical Biosciences and Engineering1551-00182012-06-019346148510.3934/mbe.2012.9.461Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogenLinda J. S. Allen0Vrushali A. Bokil1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1042Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1042The presence of a pathogen among multiple competing species has important ecological implications. For example, a pathogen may change the competitive outcome, resulting in replacement of a native species by a non-native species. Alternately, if a pathogen becomes established, there may be a drastic reduction in species numbers. Stochastic variability in the birth, death and pathogen transmission processes plays an important role in determining the success of species or pathogen invasion. We investigate these phenomena while studying the dynamics of deterministic and stochastic models for $n$ competing species with a shared pathogen. The deterministic model is a system of ordinary differential equations for $n$ competing species in which a single shared pathogen is transmitted among the $n$ species. There is no immunity from infection, individuals either die or recover and become immediately susceptible, an SIS disease model. Analytical results about pathogen persistence or extinction are summarized for the deterministic model for two and three species and new results about stability of the infection-free state and invasion by one species of a system of $n-1$ species are obtained. New stochastic models are derived in the form of continuous-time Markov chains and stochastic differential equations. Branching process theory is applied to the continuous-time Markov chain model to estimate probabilities for pathogen extinction or species invasion. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to explore the effect of disease on two-species competition, to illustrate some of the analytical results and to highlight some of the differences in the stochastic and deterministic models.https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2012.9.461branching processes.stochastic differential equationssis modelcompetitioncontinuous time markov chains |
| spellingShingle | Linda J. S. Allen Vrushali A. Bokil Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering branching processes. stochastic differential equations sis model competition continuous time markov chains |
| title | Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen |
| title_full | Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen |
| title_fullStr | Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen |
| title_short | Stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen |
| title_sort | stochastic models for competing species with a shared pathogen |
| topic | branching processes. stochastic differential equations sis model competition continuous time markov chains |
| url | https://www.aimspress.com/article/doi/10.3934/mbe.2012.9.461 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lindajsallen stochasticmodelsforcompetingspecieswithasharedpathogen AT vrushaliabokil stochasticmodelsforcompetingspecieswithasharedpathogen |