An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback
Neurofeedback training has shown benefits in clinical treatment and behavioral performance enhancement. Despite the wide range of applications, no consensus has been reached about the optimal training schedule. In this work, an EEG neurofeedback practical experiment was conducted aimed at investigat...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8881059 |
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| _version_ | 1832558965381136384 |
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| author | Inês Esteves Wenya Nan Cristiana Alves Alexandre Calapez Fernando Melício Agostinho Rosa |
| author_facet | Inês Esteves Wenya Nan Cristiana Alves Alexandre Calapez Fernando Melício Agostinho Rosa |
| author_sort | Inês Esteves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurofeedback training has shown benefits in clinical treatment and behavioral performance enhancement. Despite the wide range of applications, no consensus has been reached about the optimal training schedule. In this work, an EEG neurofeedback practical experiment was conducted aimed at investigating the effects of training intensity on the enhancement of the amplitude in the individual upper alpha band. We designed INTENSIVE and SPARSE training modalities, which differed regarding three essential aspects of training intensity: the number of sessions, the duration of a session, and the interval between sessions. Nine participants in the INTENSIVE group completed 4 sessions with 37.5 minutes each during consecutive days, while nine participants in the SPARSE group performed 6 sessions of 25 minutes spread over approximately 3 weeks. As a result, regarding the short-term effects, the upper alpha band amplitude change within sessions did not significantly differ between the two groups. Nonetheless, only the INTENSIVE group showed a significant increase in the upper alpha band amplitude. However, for the sustained effects across sessions, none of the groups showed significant changes in the upper alpha band amplitude across the whole course of training. The findings suggest that the progression within session is favored by the intensive design. Therefore, based on these findings, it is proposed that training intensity influences EEG self-regulation within sessions. Further investigations are needed to isolate different aspects of training intensity and effectively confirm if one modality globally outperforms the other. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-da64cbfad1ce496e89d379acf4452cad |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-da64cbfad1ce496e89d379acf4452cad2025-02-03T01:31:09ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432021-01-01202110.1155/2021/88810598881059An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG NeurofeedbackInês Esteves0Wenya Nan1Cristiana Alves2Alexandre Calapez3Fernando Melício4Agostinho Rosa5Evolutionary Systems and Biomedical Engineering Lab, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, ChinaEvolutionary Systems and Biomedical Engineering Lab, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalEvolutionary Systems and Biomedical Engineering Lab, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalEvolutionary Systems and Biomedical Engineering Lab, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalEvolutionary Systems and Biomedical Engineering Lab, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalNeurofeedback training has shown benefits in clinical treatment and behavioral performance enhancement. Despite the wide range of applications, no consensus has been reached about the optimal training schedule. In this work, an EEG neurofeedback practical experiment was conducted aimed at investigating the effects of training intensity on the enhancement of the amplitude in the individual upper alpha band. We designed INTENSIVE and SPARSE training modalities, which differed regarding three essential aspects of training intensity: the number of sessions, the duration of a session, and the interval between sessions. Nine participants in the INTENSIVE group completed 4 sessions with 37.5 minutes each during consecutive days, while nine participants in the SPARSE group performed 6 sessions of 25 minutes spread over approximately 3 weeks. As a result, regarding the short-term effects, the upper alpha band amplitude change within sessions did not significantly differ between the two groups. Nonetheless, only the INTENSIVE group showed a significant increase in the upper alpha band amplitude. However, for the sustained effects across sessions, none of the groups showed significant changes in the upper alpha band amplitude across the whole course of training. The findings suggest that the progression within session is favored by the intensive design. Therefore, based on these findings, it is proposed that training intensity influences EEG self-regulation within sessions. Further investigations are needed to isolate different aspects of training intensity and effectively confirm if one modality globally outperforms the other.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8881059 |
| spellingShingle | Inês Esteves Wenya Nan Cristiana Alves Alexandre Calapez Fernando Melício Agostinho Rosa An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback Neural Plasticity |
| title | An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback |
| title_full | An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback |
| title_fullStr | An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback |
| title_short | An Exploratory Study of Training Intensity in EEG Neurofeedback |
| title_sort | exploratory study of training intensity in eeg neurofeedback |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8881059 |
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