Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review
Micronutrient deficiencies, undernutrition, and overweight/obesity are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nutrient profiling models (NPMs), initially developed to help reduce the prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases in Western countries, could be one solution to promote nu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Current Developments in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124024648 |
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| author | Marie Tassy Ries van Dijk Alison L Eldridge Tsz Ning Mak Adam Drewnowski Edith JM Feskens |
| author_facet | Marie Tassy Ries van Dijk Alison L Eldridge Tsz Ning Mak Adam Drewnowski Edith JM Feskens |
| author_sort | Marie Tassy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Micronutrient deficiencies, undernutrition, and overweight/obesity are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nutrient profiling models (NPMs), initially developed to help reduce the prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases in Western countries, could be one solution to promote nutrient-dense foods in LMICs. This study reviewed government-endorsed NPMs implemented in LMICs and assessed their key components in relation to country-specific nutritional challenges. The peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically reviewed to identify government-endorsed NPMs implemented in LMICs to promote healthier choices among adults. Their key metrics, including scope, components, units, and validation method, were extracted. The prevalence of undernutrition; overweight/obesity; and iron, vitamin A, and iodine deficiencies were extracted from the Global Health Observatory and the Global Burden of Disease study. NPMs have been implemented in 16 LMICs to encourage healthier choices, mostly through front-of-pack labeling schemes. Warning Label schemes are used to strongly discourage the consumption of energy-dense products in countries where overnutrition affects most of the population, such as Latin American LMICs. A “Keyhole” front-of-pack labeling scheme was implemented only in North Macedonia. It limits sugar, fat, and salt while promoting fibers, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes to prevent overnutrition and diet-related chronic diseases. “Choices” schemes that focus on positive messages have been implemented in Southeast Asia and Zambia where over- and undernutrition coexist. “Choices” criteria encourage the consumption of category-specific vitamins and minerals, in addition to advocating limiting certain nutrients. In LMICs, NPMs focus on discouraging the consumption of sugar, fat, and salt. Additionally, NPMs promote category-specific micronutrients in countries where undernutrition remains prevalent or food components associated with a reduced risk of diet-related chronic diseases, including whole grains and fibers, in countries where overnutrition is the main nutrition-related public health issue.This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023468807. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-da5581dda1c1442c9da06d9391fb4f33 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2475-2991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Current Developments in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-da5581dda1c1442c9da06d9391fb4f332025-01-23T05:27:34ZengElsevierCurrent Developments in Nutrition2475-29912025-01-0191104530Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic ReviewMarie Tassy0Ries van Dijk1Alison L Eldridge2Tsz Ning Mak3Adam Drewnowski4Edith JM Feskens5Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland; Corresponding author.Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, SwitzerlandNestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, SwitzerlandNestle Institute of Health Sciences Singapore Hub, Nestle Research, SingaporeCenter for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United StatesDivision of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The NetherlandsMicronutrient deficiencies, undernutrition, and overweight/obesity are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Nutrient profiling models (NPMs), initially developed to help reduce the prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases in Western countries, could be one solution to promote nutrient-dense foods in LMICs. This study reviewed government-endorsed NPMs implemented in LMICs and assessed their key components in relation to country-specific nutritional challenges. The peer-reviewed and grey literature were systematically reviewed to identify government-endorsed NPMs implemented in LMICs to promote healthier choices among adults. Their key metrics, including scope, components, units, and validation method, were extracted. The prevalence of undernutrition; overweight/obesity; and iron, vitamin A, and iodine deficiencies were extracted from the Global Health Observatory and the Global Burden of Disease study. NPMs have been implemented in 16 LMICs to encourage healthier choices, mostly through front-of-pack labeling schemes. Warning Label schemes are used to strongly discourage the consumption of energy-dense products in countries where overnutrition affects most of the population, such as Latin American LMICs. A “Keyhole” front-of-pack labeling scheme was implemented only in North Macedonia. It limits sugar, fat, and salt while promoting fibers, fruits, vegetables, nuts, and legumes to prevent overnutrition and diet-related chronic diseases. “Choices” schemes that focus on positive messages have been implemented in Southeast Asia and Zambia where over- and undernutrition coexist. “Choices” criteria encourage the consumption of category-specific vitamins and minerals, in addition to advocating limiting certain nutrients. In LMICs, NPMs focus on discouraging the consumption of sugar, fat, and salt. Additionally, NPMs promote category-specific micronutrients in countries where undernutrition remains prevalent or food components associated with a reduced risk of diet-related chronic diseases, including whole grains and fibers, in countries where overnutrition is the main nutrition-related public health issue.This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023468807.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124024648nutrient profilingmalnutritiondouble burdennutrition policynutritional qualitypublic health |
| spellingShingle | Marie Tassy Ries van Dijk Alison L Eldridge Tsz Ning Mak Adam Drewnowski Edith JM Feskens Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review Current Developments in Nutrition nutrient profiling malnutrition double burden nutrition policy nutritional quality public health |
| title | Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Nutrient Profiling Models in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Considering Local Nutritional Challenges: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | nutrient profiling models in low and middle income countries considering local nutritional challenges a systematic review |
| topic | nutrient profiling malnutrition double burden nutrition policy nutritional quality public health |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2475299124024648 |
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